אָז adverb (compare , also Biblical Aramaic אֱדַיִן properly a substantive = time; see מֵאָז) at that time, then, whether expressing duration, or inception (= thereupon).

1 strictly temporal:

a. of past time: — without a verb Genesis 12:6; Genesis 13:7; Joshua 14:11; 2 Samuel 23:14; with a perfect Genesis 4:26; Exodus 4:26; Joshua 10:33; Judges 8:3; Judges 13:21; Jeremiah 22:15 אָז טוֺב לוֺ then was it well to him (compare Jeremiah 22:16; Hosea 2:9); more usually (especially when = thereupon) with an imperfect (see Dr^{§ 27}) Exodus 15:1; Numbers 21:17; Joshua 8:30; Joshua 10:12; Joshua 22:1; 1 Kings 3:16; 1 Kings 8:1; 1 Kings 9:11 (see Dr^Intr.192) and elsewhere.

b. of future time (usually where some emphasis is intended), with imperfect Isaiah 35:5,6; Isaiah 60:5; Micah 3:4, rather differently Leviticus 26:41; 1 Samuel 20:12; rarely with perfect 2 Samuel 5:24b (will have gone forth) Isaiah 33:23: with an accompanying logical force, implying the fulfilment of a condition, then = if or when this has been done (with the imperfect) Genesis 24:41; Exodus 12:44,48; Deuteronomy 29:19; Joshua 1:8; 1 Samuel 6:3; Isaiah 58:8,9; Jeremiah 11:15 Hi Ke Psalm 19:14; Psalm 51:21; Proverbs 3:23; Job 11:15; Job 13:20; Job 22:26.

c. in poetry אז is sometimes used to throw emphasis on a particular feature of the description Genesis 49:4; Exodus 15:15; Judges 5:8,11,13,19,22; Isaiah 33:23; Isaiah 41:1; Habakkuk 1:11; Psalm 2:5; Psalm 96:12.

d. it points back with emphasis to an infinitive with בּ 2 Samuel 5:24 a Psalm 126:2 (twice in verse); Job 28:27; Job 33:16; to בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא (anomalously) 1 Chronicles 16:7.

2 expressing logical sequence strictlyd: in the apodosis: — after אם (rare) for sake of special emphasis Isaiah 58:14; Proverbs 2:5; Job 9:31; = in that case, after לוּ or לוּלֵא 2 Samuel 2:27 hadst thou not spoken, כִּי אָז surely then had the people, etc. 2 Samuel 19:7; Psalm 119:92; after אחלי 2 Kings 5:3; Psalm 119:6; after a suppressed protasis 2 Kings 13:19; Job 3:13 יָשַׁנְתִּי אָז יָנוּחַ לִי I had slept, then were there rest for me; Joshua 22:31 (strangely) = now, as things are; Ecclesiastes 2:15 = that being so. (122 t., besides מאז and מןאֿז. Seldom used except where some special emphasis is de-sired. 'Then' of AV RV more commonly repre-sents וְ, especially in the apodosis.)

מֵאָז (compare ), once (Jeremiah 44:18) מִןאָֿז, literally from that time: used (a) absolutely, as adverb = in time past, of old, whether of a nearer 2 Samuel 15:34; Isaiah 16:13, or of a remoter past Isaiah 44:8; Isaiah 45:21; Isaiah 48:3,5,7,8; Psalm 93:2; Proverbs 8:22; (b) with following General or relative clause, as preposition or conjunction = from time of, since. With substantive Ruth 2:7 מֵאָז הַבֹּקֶר from time of morning Psalm 76:8; with infin. Exodus 4:10 מֵאָז דַּבֶּרְךָ since thy speaking unto thy servant; with finite verb Genesis 39:5; Exodus 5:23 ׳וּמֵאָז בָּאתִי וג and since I came unto Pharaoh, etc. Exodus 9:24; Joshua 14:10; Isaiah 14:8; Jeremiah 44:18.