חֶ֫סֶד: 247 noun masculine^{2Samuel 16:17} goodness, kindness; — absolute ׳ח Genesis 24:12 85t.; חָ֑סֶד Genesis 39:21 12t.; construct חֶסֶד 1 Samuel 20:14 8t.; suffix חַסְדִּי Psalm 59:18 120t. suffixes; plural חֲסָדִים Genesis 32:11; construct חַסֵדֵי Isaiah 55:3 5t. (Baer^{Jes p. 79} Ges^{§ 93}, R, 1. F.); suffix חֲסָדַי Nehemiah 13:14 + 10t. suffixes; (not in H or P).

I. of man:

1 kindness of men towards men, in doing favours and benefits 1 Samuel 20:15; 2 Samuel 16:17; Psalm 141:5; Proverbs 19:22; Proverbs 20:6; יהוה ׳ח 1 Samuel 20:14 the kindness of ׳י (such as he shews, Thes MV; that sworn to by oath to Yahweh Mich Dathe; shewn out of reverence to Yahweh Th Ke); compare אלהים ׳ח 2 Samuel 9:3; ׳תּוֺרַתאח Proverbs 31:26 instruction in kindness, kindly instruction עָשָׂה חֶסֶד עִמָּדִי do or shew kindness (in dealing) with me Genesis 20:13; Genesis 40:14 (E), 1 Samuel 20:14; 2 Samuel 10:2 (עִמִּי in "" 1 Chronicles 19:2); with עִם Genesis 21:23 (E), Genesis 24:12,14; Joshua 2:12 (twice in verse); Judges 1:24 (J), Judges 8:35; 1 Samuel 15:6; 2 Samuel 2:5; 2 Samuel 3:8; 2 Samuel 9:1; 2 Samuel 9:3; 2 Samuel 9:7, 10:20a = 1 Chronicles 19:2a, 1 Chronicles 19:2b 2Chronicles 24:22; with עַל 1 Samuel 20:8 with לְ 1 Kings 2:7; לפני ׳נשׂא ח obtain kindness before Esther 2:9,17; ׳היטיב ח Ruth 3:10.

2 kindness (especially as extended to the lowly, needy and miserable), mercy Proverbs 20:28; Job 6:14; אישׁ חסד merciful man Proverbs 11:17 (opposed to אַכְזָרִי); ׳מַלְכֵּי ח merciful kings 1 Kings 20:31; ׳עשׂה ח Psalm 109:16; in this sense usually with other attributes (see also below II.2); "" אמת Hosea 4:1; Isaiah 16:5; ואמת ׳ח Proverbs 3:3; Proverbs 14:22; Proverbs 16:6; Proverbs 20:28; ואמת ׳עשׂה ח Genesis 24:49; Genesis 47:29; Joshua 2:14 (J; RV gives thse under 1); "" צדקה Hosea 10:12; ׳צדקה וח Proverbs 21:21; "" משׁפט Micah 6:8; ומשׁפט ׳ח Hosea 12:7; "" חוֺנֵן Psalm 109:12; ורחמים ׳ח Zechariah 7:9; Daniel 1:9. — (On Hosea 6:4,6 see 3 below)

3 (rarely) affection if Israel to ׳י love to God, piety: נְעוּרַיִךְ ׳ח Jeremiah 2:2 priety of thy youth ("" love of thine espousals to Yahweh); possibly also חַסְדְּכֶם כַּעֲנַןבֹּֿקֶר Hosea 6:4 your piety is like a morning cloud (fleeting), and כִּי חֶסֶד חָפַצְתִּי וְלאֹזָֿ֑בַח Hosea 6:6 for piety I delight in and not in peace-offering ("" דעת אלהים, compare 1 Samuel 15:22); — so Wü Now Hi (1Samuel 15:4) Che; Ke Hi (1 Samuel 15:6) al. below 2 (or

1); — נַנְשֵׁי חֶסֶד men of piety Isaiah 57:1 ("" צַדִּיק); plural pious acts2Chronicles 32:32; 35:26; Nehemiah 13:14.

4 lovely appearance: כָּלחַֿסְדּוֺ כְּצִיץ הַשָֹּׁדֶה Isaiah 40:6 all its loveliness as the flower of the field (so Thes Hi De Che Di and others; but δόξα ᵐ51Peter 1:24 & gloria ᵑ9 favour an original reading הוֺדוֺ Lo or כְּבֹדוֺ Ew, see Br^{MP 375}; Du הֲדָרוֺ).

II. of God: kindness, lovingkindness in condescendig to the needs of his creatures. He is חַסְדָּם their goodness favour Jonah 2:9; חַסְדִּי Psalm 144:2; אֱלֹהֵי חַסְדִּי God of my kindness Psalm 59:18; in Psalm 59:11 read אֱלֹהַי חַסְדּוֺ my God with his kindness ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Ew Hup De Pe Che Bae; his is the kindness Psalm 62:13; it is with him Psalm 130:7; he delights in it Micah 7:18.

1 specifically lovingkindness:

a. in redemption from enemies and troubles Genesis 19:19; Genesis 39:21 (J), Exodus 15:13 (song), Jeremiah 31:3; Ezra 7:28; Ezra 9:9; Psalm 21:8; Psalm 31:17; Psalm 31:22; Psalm 32:10; Psalm 33:22; Psalm 36:8; Psalm 36:11; Psalm 42:9; Psalm 44:27; Psalm 48:10; Psalm 59:17; Psalm 66:20; Psalm 85:8; Psalm 90:14; Psalm 94:18; Psalm 107:8; Psalm 107:15; Psalm 107:21; Psalm 107:31; Psalm 143:8; Psalm 143:12; Job 37:13; Ruth 1:8; Ruth 2:20; men should trust in it Psalm 13:6; Psalm 52:10; rejoice in it Psalm 31:8; hope in it Psalm 33:18; Psalm 147:11.

b. in preservation of life from death Psalm 6:5; Psalm 86:13; Job 10:12.

c. in quickening of spiritual life Psalm 109:26; Psalm 119:41; Psalm 119:76; Psalm 119:88; Psalm 119:124; Psalm 119:149; Psalm 119:159.

d. in redemption from sin Psalm 25:7; Psalm 51:3.

e. in keeping the covenants, with Abraham Micah 7:20; with Moses and Israel שׁמר הַבְּרִית וְ(הַ)חֶסֶד keep-eth the covenant and the lovingkindness Deuteronomy 7:9,12; 1 Kings 8:23 2Chronicles 6:14; Nehemiah 1:5; Nehemiah 9:32; Daniel 9:4; with David and his dynasty 2 Samuel 7:15 = 1 Chronicles 17:13; 2 Samuel 22:51 = Psalm 18:51, 1 Kings 3:6 (twice in verse) = 2Chronicles 1:8; Psalm 89:29; Psalm 89:34; with the wife Zion Isaiah 54:10.

2 חֶסֶד is grouped with other divine attributes: חסד ואמת kindness (lovingkindness) and fidelity Genesis 24:27 (J), Psalm 25:10; Psalm 41:11; Psalm 40:12; Psalm 57:4; Psalm 61:8; Psalm 85:11; Psalm 89:15; Psalm 115:1; Psalm 138:2; ואמת עם ׳עשׂה ח 2 Samuel 2:6; 2 Samuel 15:20 (ᵐ5, see Dr); with אֶתֿ Genesis 24:49; ואמת ׳רַב ח Exodus 34:6 (JE), Psalm 86:15; also "" אמת Micah 7:20; Psalm 26:3; Psalm 117:2; "" אֱמוּנָה Psalm 88:12; Psalm 89:3; Psalm 92:3; ׳אמונה וח Psalm 89:25; ואמונה ׳ח Psalm 98:3; "" רחמים Psalm 77:9; ורחמים ׳ח Jeremiah 16:5; Hosea 2:21; Psalm 103:4; ומשׁפט ׳ח Jeremiah 9:23; Psalm 101:1; "" צדקה Psalm 36:11; ׳טוב וח Psalm 23:6.

3 the kindness of God is

a. abundant: רַבחֶֿסֶד abundant, plenteous in kindness (goodness) Numbers 14:18 (J), Nehemiah 9:17 (Qr), Joel 2:13; Jonah 4:2; Psalm 86:5; Psalm 103:8 (compare Exodus 34:6 J E; Psalm 86:15); רֹב חַסְדְּךָ Nehemiah 13:22; Psalm 5:8; Psalm 69:14; Psalm 106:7 (ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Aq Targan, to be preferred to ᵑ0 חֲסָדֶיךָ); רֹב חֲסָדָו֯ Lamentations 3:32; Psalm 106:45 (Kt ᵐ5 in both to be preferred).

b. great in extent: ׳נֹּדֶל חִ greatness of thy mercy Numbers 14:19 (J); ׳נְּדָו֯וֺלחֿ Psalm 145:8; it is kept for thousands Exodus 34:7 (JE), Jeremiah 32:18, especially of those connected with lovers of ׳י, Exodus 20:6 = Deuteronomy 5:10; for 1000 Generations Deuteronomy 7:9; it is great as the heavens Psalm 57:11; Psalm 103:11, compare Psalm 36:6; Psalm 108:5; the earth is full of it Psalm 33:5; Psalm 119:64.

c. everlasting: לעולם חסדוֺ Jeremiah 33:11; 1 Chronicles 16:34,41; 2Chronicles 5:13; 7:3,6; 20:21; Ezra 3:11; Psalm 100:5; Psalm 106:1; Psalm 107:1; Psalm 118:1; Psalm 118:2; Psalm 118:3; Psalm 118:4; Psalm 118:29; Psalm 136:1 (26 t.); חסדךָ לעולם Psalm 138:8; מעולם ׳ח ועד עולם Psalm 103:17; עולם ׳ח Isaiah 54:8; אל כּל ׳ח היום Psalm 52:3.

d. good: כִּיטֿוֺב חַסְדְּךָ Psalm 69:17; Psalm 109:21; כי טוב חסדךָ מחיים Psalm 63:4.

4 plural mercies, deeds of kindness, the historic displays of lovingkindness to Israel: shewn to Jacob Genesis 32:11 (R); but mostly late Isaiah 63:7; Psalm 25:6; Psalm 89:2; כְּרֹב חסִדיו Isaiah 63:7, see

3a; promised in the Davidic covenant Psalm Isa 89:50; חַסְדֵי דָוִיד mercies to David Isaiah 55:3; 2Chronicles 6:42; mercies in General Lamentations 3:22; Psalm 17:7; Psalm 107:43f. — חֶסֶד in proper name, masculine ׳בןחֿ see below בֵּן. On Leviticus 20:17; Proverbs 14:34 see חֶסֶד below II. חסד.

II. חֶ֫סֶד noun masculine shame, reproach, only absolute: — הוּא ׳ח Leviticus 20:17 (H) it is a shame (shameful thing); לְאֻמִּים חַטָּאת ׳ח Proverbs 14:34 sin is a reproach to peoples.