Lexicon abad: to work, serve Original Word: עָבַדPart of Speech: Verb Transliteration: abad Phonetic Spelling: (aw-bad') Short Definition: serve NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. root Definitionto work, serve NASB Translationbecome slaves (1), been slaves (1), bondage (2), burdened (2), cultivate (7), cultivated (2), cultivates (1), do (6), do the work (1), enslaved (3), given (1), holding in bondage (1), imposed (1), keep (2), labor (3), laborers* (2), make servant (1), make slaves (2), manufacturers (1), observe (1), perform (9), performed (2), plowed (1), rendered (1), serve (141), served (52), serves (2), serving (5), slave (1), slaves (1), subject (1), till (1), tiller (1), tiller* (1), tills (2), use as slaves (1), used (1), uses services (1), work (7), worked (2), workers (2), working (1), worship (7), worshipers (6).
Brown-Driver-Briggs עָבַד290 verb work, serve (Old Aramaic עבד do make, especially Nabataean, Palmyrene (often), Lzb 331f. Cook 86, so ᵑ7 עֲבַד, Syriac  (very often); but also Old Aramaic Phoenician עבד slave, vassal (and in many proper names), ᵑ7 עַבְדָּא, Syriac  id.; Assyrian abdu, id. (rare); Late Hebrew עָבַד serve, performs acts of worship (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb), and derivatives; Arabic  worship, obey (God); compare We Skizzen iii. 165; Heid. 141, II. enslave;  slave, worshiper; Sabean עבד id. DHM Südar. Alt. p. 18; Gerber Verb. Denom. 14 ff. thinks be slave, serve (Qal) and enslave (Hiph`il) are denominative, compare also Nö ZMG xl (1886), 741); — Qal272 Perfect3masculine singular ׳ע Ezekiel 29:18 +; suffix עֲבָדוֺ Malachi 3:18 +; 3 masculine plural עָֽבְדוּ Deuteronomy 7:4; עָבָ֑דוּ Numbers 4:26, + 64 t. Perfect; Imperfect3masculine singular יַעֲבֹד Genesis 25:23 +; suffix יַעַבְדֵ֫נִי Exodus 4:23; יַעַבְדֶ֫נּוּ Psalm 22:31; 2 Kings 10:18; 3masculine plural יַעַבְדוּ Deuteronomy 12:30 +; יַעֲבֹ֑דוּ Genesis 15:14 (Dr§ 103) Job 36:11; 2masculine plural תַּעַבְדוּן Exodus 3:12, תַּעֲבֹד֑וּן Joshua 24:15, + 99 t. Imperfect; (תָּעָבְדֵם, נָָֽעָבְדֵם see Hoph`al); Imperative עֲבֹד 1 Samuel 26:19; suffix עָבְדֵהוּ 1 Chronicles 28:9; עִבְדוּ Exodus 5:18 15t.; עֲבֹ֑דוּ Ezekiel 20:39; suffix עִבְדֻהוּ 1 Samuel 7:3; Infinitive construct עֲבֹד Malachi 3:14 +; עֲבָדֿ Jeremiah 34:9,10; suffix עָבְדוֺ Jeremiah 27:6 +, etc.; Participle עֹבֵד Genesis 4:2 +; plural עֹבְדִים Numbers 18:21 +; construct עֹבְדֵי Psalm 97:7 +; suffix עֹבְדָיו 2 Kings 10:19; עֹבְדֵיהֶם Zechariah 2:13; — 1 labour, work, do work: absolute Exodus 20:9 = Exodus 34:21 = Deuteronomy 5:13 (4th word); Exodus 5:18 (E) Ecclesiastes 5:11; with accusative of thing, till the ground Genesis 2:5; Genesis 3:23; Genesis 4:2,12 (J), 2 Samuel 9:10; Isaiah 30:24; Jeremiah 27:11; Zechariah 13:5; Proverbs 12:11; Proverbs 28:19 object omitted Deuteronomy 15:19; Ezekiel 48:19; vineyard Deuteronomy 28:39; garden Genesis 2:16 (J); עֹבְרֵי פִשְׁתִּים Isaiah 19:9 workers in flax; עֹבְדֵ(יׅ הָעִיר Ezekiel 48:18,19 labourers of the city; עֲבֹדָתוֺ ׳ע Isaiah 28:21 work his work (only here of God, "" עשׂה מַעֲשֵׂהוּ); עבדה על ׳ע Ezekiel 29:18 serve a military service against. 2 work for another, serve him by labour: absolute Exodus 21:2 (E); with accusative pers Genesis 29:15; Genesis 31:6; Exodus 21:6 (E) Deuteronomy 15:12,18; Malachi 3:17; Jeremiah 34:14, king his people 1 Kings 12:7; subject animals Jeremiah 27:6; Job 39:9; with accusative of person and thing Genesis 30:26 (twice in verse); Genesis 30:29 (J); with לְ person 2 Samuel 16:19; עִם Genesis 29:25,30 (E) Leviticus 25:40 (P); עִמָּדִי Genesis 29:27 (E); לִפְנֵי 2 Samuel 16:19 (twice in verse); with בְּ of price Genesis 29:18,20,25; Genesis 31:41 (E) Hosea 12:13; Ezekiel 29:20; with בְּ personwork by means of another, use him as slave, Exodus 1:14; Leviticus 25:39,46 (P) Jeremiah 22:13; Jeremiah 25:14; Jeremiah 27:7; Jeremiah 30:8; Jeremiah 34:9,10. 3 serve as subjects: usually with accusative, their own chiefs or kings Judges 9:28 (twice in verse); Judges 9:38; 1 Samuel 11:1; 1 Kings 5:1 +; other kings, by tribute Psalm 18:44 = 2 Samuel 22:44; Jeremiah 27:7; Jeremiah 28:14; 2 Kings 25:24 +, other nations 2 Samuel 10:19; Jeremiah 40:9; Zechariah 2:13 +, kings other kings 2 Kings 18:7 +, with לְ, 1 Samuel 4:9 (twice in verse); מַס עֹבֵד Genesis 49:15 (J) Joshua 16:10; 1 Kings 9:21 (see מַס); with בְּ person, work with, i.e. use as subjects, impose tribute upon, Jeremiah 25:14; Jeremiah 27:7; Jeremiah 30:8; Ezekiel 34:27. 4 serve God: a. with accusative ׳י, Exodus 3:12; Exodus 4:23; Exodus 7:16; Exodus 7:26 (JE), Psalm 22:31; Job 21:15; Malachi 3:14 +; with accusative of person and thing Exodus 10:26 (E); accusative of person omitted, Jeremiah 2:20 (read אֶעֱבוֺד Kt), עבד זבח ומנחה Isaiah 19:21 serve with peace-offering and grain-offering; עבד עֲבֹדָה Exodus 13:5 (of מַצֹּת). b. other gods, with accusative ׳א Deuteronomy 7:16; Deuteronomy 12:2,30 ; אלהים אחרים Deuteronomy 7:4; Deuteronomy 8:19; Deuteronomy 11:16; Deuteronomy 13:7; Deuteronomy 13:14; Deuteronomy 17:3; Deuteronomy 28:14,36,64; Deuteronomy 29:25; Deuteronomy 30:17; Deuteronomy 31:20; Joshua 23:16; Joshua 24:2,16; Judges 2:10; Judges 10:13; 1 Samuel 8:8; 1 Samuel 26:19; 1 Kings 9:6,9; 2 Kings 17:35; 2Chronicles 7:19,22; Jeremiah 11:10; Jeremiah 13:10; Jeremiah 16:11,13; Jeremiah 22:9; Jeremiah 25:6; Jeremiah 35:15 (all D and Jeremiah); אֱלֹהֵי הַגּוֺיִם Deuteronomy 29:17; זָרִים Jeremiah 5:19; כל צבא השׁמים Deuteronomy 4:19; 2 Kings 21:3; 2Chronicles 33:3; Jeremiah 8:2; הבעל(יםׅ Judges 2:11; Judges 3:7; Judges 10:6; Judges 10:10; 1 Samuel 12:10; 1 Kings 16:31; 1 Kings 22:54; 2 Kings 10:18 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 10:19 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 10:21,22,23 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 17:16; אלהי נֵכָר Joshua 24:20; Jeremiah 5:19; (הַ)גִּלּוּלִים 2 Kings 17:12; 2 Kings 21:21 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 20:39; האשׁרים2Chronicles 24:18; עצבים Psalm 106:36; פסיל(יםׅ2Chronicles 33:22; 2 Kings 17:41; פסל 2Ki 97:7; with לְ, לבעל Judges 2:13; לאלהים אחרים Jeremiah 44:3. 5 serve ׳י with Levilical service (all P; compare RSSem i. 69): with accusative עבד עֲבֹדָה (see עֲבֹדָה) Numbers 3:7,8; Numbers 4:23,30,47; Numbers 7:5; Numbers 8:11,19,22,26; Numbers 16:9; Numbers 18:6,21,23; Joshua 22:27; accusative omitted Numbers 4:24,26,37,41; Numbers 8:15 (but ⅏ ᵐ5 עבדה), Numbers 8:25; Numbers 18:7. Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נֶעְבָּ֑ד Ecclesiastes 5:8; 2masculine plural נֶעֱבַדְתֶּם Ezekiel 36:9; Imperfect3masculine singular יֵעָבֵד Deuteronomy 21:4; 3feminine singular תֵּעָבֵד Ezekiel 36:34; — 1 be tilled, of land Deuteronomy 21:4; Ezekiel 36:9,34. 2 Ecclesiastes 5:8 מֶלֶךְ לְשָׂדֶה נֶעְבָּ֑ד dubious: a king for (devoted to) the cultivated field (Hi); a king that maketh himself servant to the field (devoted to agriculture), Desee Commentaries, especially De. Pual Perfect3masculine singular עֻבַּד Deuteronomy 21:3; Isaiah 14:3; passive of Qal, with בְּ impersonal Deuteronomy 21:3 of a calf with which it has not been worked; hard service with which it was worked with captives Isaiah 14:3. Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הֶעֱבִיד Ezekiel 29:18; 2masculine singular suffix הֶעֱבַדְתַּ֫נִי Isaiah 43:24, הֶעֱבַדְתִּיךָ Isaiah 43:23, וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ Jeremiah 17:4; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיַּעֲבֵד2Chronicles 34:33; 3 masculine plural יַעֲבִדוּ Exodus 1:13; Infinitive construct הַעֲבִיד2Chron 2:17; Participle plural מַעֲבִדִים Exodus 6:15; — 1 compel to labour as slaves Exodus 1:13; Exodus 6:5 (P) 2 Chron 2:17, + Genesis 47:21 (reading הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים), 2 Samuel 12:31 (reading וְהֶעֱבִיד + בְּ at; on both these see עבר Hiph`il near the end); cause to serve, of army's service against, with accusative + (על)אל Ezekiel 29:18; cause to labour, weary, with בְּ of means Isaiah 43:23,24 (perhaps play on meanings 2, 3). 2 make to serve as subjects, with 2 accusative Jeremiah 17:4, + Jeremiah 15:14 (read וְהַעֲבַרְתִּיךָ see עבר Hiph`il near the end). 3 cause to serve God 2 Chronicles 34:33. Hoph`al Imperfect2masculine singular suffix תָּֽעָבְדֵם Exodus 20:5 = Deuteronomy 5:9; Exodus 23:24; 1plural suffix נָָֽעָבְדֵם Deuteronomy 13:3 (Köi. 259 Sta§ 549 g Thes; < NesMarg. 12 f. Qal anomalously pointed (compare WAG. ed. 2, i, 62 n. FlKl. Schr. i. 98); Ges§ 60 R. 1 Dr Qal falsely pointed as Hoph`al); — be led or enticed to serve other gods Exodus 20:5 = Deuteronomy 5:9; Exodus 23:24; Deuteronomy 13:8.
Strong's keep in bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear, A primitive root; to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc. -- X be, keep in bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear, execute, + husbandman, keep, labour(-ing man, bring to pass, (cause to, make to) serve(-ing, self), (be, become) servant(-s), do (use) service, till(-er), transgress (from margin), (set a) work, be wrought, worshipper, |
