1 emptiness, nothingness, vanity: תְּשׁוּעַת אָרָם ׳שׁ Psalm 60:13 vain (is) man's deliverance, = Psalm 108:13; לָכֶם ׳שׁ Psalm 127:2 it is vain (useless) for you; Psalm 89:48 for (עַל) what nothingness hast thou created man ? compare ׳יַרְחֵי שׁ Job 7:3; ׳הַבְלֵי שׁ Psalm 31:7 (idols) = Jonah 2:9, compare Jeremiah 18:15 + Hosea 5:11 ᵐ5 (for צָו); ׳מִנְחַת שׁ Isaiah 1:13 of ineffective offering to ׳י; ׳נשׂא לַשּׁ (לֹא) Exodus 20:7 (twice in verse) take up name of God in vain (to no good purpose) = Deuteronomy 5:11 (twice in verse), compare Psalm 24:4; Psalm 139:20 [ᵑ0 lifted up in vain are thy foes, but read שְׁמֶ֑ךָ for עָרֶיךָ, compare נשׂא 1b (

7); al. עָלֶיךָ, see II. עָר]; ׳היה שׁ Hosea 12:12 become nothing (We ׳עשׂה שׁ, and so

3); ׳ראה שׁ Psalm 119:37; adverb ׳לַשּׁ in vain Jeremiah 2:30; Jeremiah 4:30; Jeremiah 6:29; Jeremiah 46:11; ׳שׁ Psalm 127:1 (twice in verse); Malachi 3:14.

2 emptiness of speech, "" lying, ׳שׁ וּדְבַר כָּזָב Proverbs 30:8; ׳דבּר שׁ Psalm 12:3; Psalm 41:7; Psalm 144:8; Psalm 144:11; Isaiah 59:4; Ezekiel 13:8; ׳אָלוֺת שׁ Hosea 10:4 + Hosea 12:2 ᵐ5 We and others (for שֹׁד); ׳הָלַךְ עִםשֿׁ Job 31:5 ("" מִרְמָה); ׳עֵד שׁ Deuteronomy 5:17 (= עֵד שָֽׁקֶר Exodus 20:16); compare ׳שֵׁמַע שׁ Exodus 23:1 (E); of false (empty) prophecy ׳חֲזוֺן שׁ Ezekiel 12:24, ׳חָזוּ שׁ Lamentations 2:14; see also Ezekiel 13:6,7,9,23; Ezekiel 21:34; Ezekiel 22:28; Job 35:13 (or empty complaining, below 1); ׳קסם שׁ Ezekiel 21:28; חֲלֹמוֺת ׳הַשּׁ Zechariah 10:2.

3 of conduct, worthlessness (Buhl below

1, 2); ׳מְרתי שׁ worthless men Psalm 26:4; Job 11:11; worthless motives (in figurative) ׳חַבְלֵי הַשּׁ Isaiah 5:18; ׳נָפַת שׁ Isaiah 30:28 (i.e. sifting out the worthless; al. sieve of (bringing) disappointment); play on meanings in Job 15:31 (twice in verse), compare Dr^{Job, Psalt. 464}.

II. שׁוא (√ of following; probably "" form of שׁאה).