I. שֵׁם₈₆₄ noun masculine^{2Samuel 7:9} name (√ unknown; Thes שׁמה, compare Ba^{ZMG xli (1887), 635}; Lag^{BN 160} ושׁם, Arabic brand, mark, compare RS^{K 213, 303 ff.} Kö^{ii. 1. 104}; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew (especially הַשֵּׁם = יהוה); Phoenician שם Lzb³⁷⁷; Assyrian šumu; Sabean סם Hom^{Chr 124}; Ethiopic Arabic , , , ; Aramaic שֵׁם, שְׁמָא, also שׁוּם, שֻׁם (Kö^{ii. 1. 512}), , , Old Aramaic, Palmyrene שם Lzb³⁷⁷); — absolute ׳שׁ Genesis 6:4 +; construct ׳שׁ Genesis 12:8 +, rarely שֶׁםֿ 1 Samuel 8:2 +; suffix שְׁמִי Exodus 3:15 +, שִׁמְךָ Genesis 32:9 +, שְׁמֶ֑ךָ 1 Kings 18:31 +, etc.; plural שֵׁמוֺת (rarely שֵׁמֹת) Genesis 2:20 +; construct שְׁמוֺת Exodus 6:16 +, suffix שְׁמוֺתָם Numbers 13:4 +, שְׁמוֺתָן Ezekiel 23:4 (twice in verse); — name:

1 of river Genesis 2:11,13,14, beasts Genesis 2:19; Genesis 2:20, city Genesis 26:33 (all J) +; היּוֺם ׳שׁ Ezekiel 24:2, i.e. exact designation of it (+ הַזֶּה ׳אֶתעֶֿצֶם הַיּ).

2. a. usually of person: Genesis 4:17,19 (twice in verse) (J) +; as significant 1 Samuel 25:25, compare Proverbs 21:24; especially in phrase וַיְהִי אִישׁ ֗֗֗ וּשְׁמוֺ אֶלְקָנָה 1 Samuel 1:1, compare 1 Samuel 9:1,2, Jeremiah 37:13 28t.; less often as גָּלְיָת שְׁמוֺ 1 Samuel 17:4, compare Zechariah 6:12 5t. (compare in Assyrian Krae^{BAS i. 430}); frequently with קָרָא (q. v. 6, and Niph`al 2, Pu`al; note here, עַל ׳נִקְרָא שׁ in token of ownership 2 Samuel 12:28 (see Dr), Isaiah 4:1); rarely, שִׂים אֶתשְֿׁמוֺ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Judges 8:31, compare 2 Kings 17:34; Nehemiah 9:7; ׳וַיָּ֫שֶׂם לָהֶם שׁ Daniel 1:7; with יֵאָמֵר Genesis 32:29 (J); change of name is without verb, as Genesis 17:15 (P), or (usually) with יִהְיֶה Genesis 35:10 (P) Israel shall be thy name. compare Genesis 17:5; 1 Kings 18:31; 1 Chronicles 22:9, also ׳וַיַסֵּב אֶתשְֿׁמוֺ יְהו 2 Kings 23:34 2Chronicles 36:4, compare 2 Kings 24:17, and (suj. ׳י) עוֺלָם אֶתֶּןלֿוֺ ׳שׁ Isaiah 56:5; מַהשְּֿׁמֶ֑ךָ Genesis 32:28, compare Exodus 3:13; Proverbs 30:4, מִית שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Judges 13:17; be explicitly mentioned is: וְכֻלָּם בְּשֵׁמוֺת Ezra 10:16, ׳נִקְּבוּ בְשׁ Numbers 1:17; 1 Chronicles 16:41; 2Chronicles 28:15; 31:10; Ezra 8:20, ׳הַבָּאִים בְּשׁ 1 Chronicles 4:38, ׳וַיָבזֹם בְּשׁ 1 Chronicles 4:41; of things, וּבְשֵׁמוֺת תִּקְדוּ Numbers 4:32 (P), + Numbers 4:27 (read בְּשֵׁמֹת ᵐ5 Di Baen Gray); יְדַעְתִּיךָ בְּשֵׁם Exodus 33:12 (subject ׳י), i.e. acknowledge thee, personally (as mine), compare Exodus 33:17 (both J); ׳פ ׳בְּשׁ as the representative of 1 Samuel 25:5,9; 1 Kings 21:8; Jeremiah 29:25; Esther 2:22; Esther 3:12; Esther 8:8 (twice in verse); Esther 8:10 (compare also 3).

b. = reputation; (1) וַאֲגַדְּלָה שְׁמֶ֫ךָ Genesis 12:2 (J), גָּדוֺל כְּשֵׁם הַגְּדֹלִים אֲשֶׁר ׳וְעָשִׂתִי לִךָ שׁ בָּאָרֶץ 2 Samuel 7:9; make oneself a name ׳וְנַעֲשֶׂח לָנוּ שׁ Genesis 11:4 (J), ׳וַיַּעַשׂ לוֺ שׁ 2 Samuel 8:13, of ׳י Jeremiah 32:20, hence Nehemiah 9:10; Daniel 9:15; Isaiah 63:12,14, so with שׂוּם 2 Samuel 7:23 = 1 Chronicles 17:21; ׳וַיֵּצֵא לָךְ שֵׁם בְּ Ezekiel 16:14 (compare 1 Chronicles 14:17), 2Chronicles 26:15 עַדלְֿמֵרָחוֺק, 2 Chronicles 26:8 ׳וַיֵּלֶךְ שְׁמוֺ עַדלְֿ; 2 Samuel 23:18,22; = fame, glory, Zephaniah 3:19,20; Ezekiel 39:13. — Ezekiel 34:29 read perhaps שָׁלֹם ᵐ5 Siegf Be Toy; Co שָׁלֵם; Krae conjecture שָׁמֵן; אַנְשֵׁי הַשֵּׁם Genesis 6:4 (J), Numbers 16:2 (J), אַנְשֵׁי שֵׁמוֺת 1 Chronicles 5:24; 1 Chronicles 12:31 (van d. H. v.1 Chronicles 12:30); with negative בְּנֵי בְלִישֵֿׁ‰ Job 30:3; (2) bad sense, וְהוֺצִא עָלָיהָ שֵׁם רָ֑ע Dan 22:14; compare Dan 22:19; Nehemiah 6:13; = byword Ezekiel 23:10; טְמֵאַת ׳הַשּׁ Ezekiel 22:5.

c. especially as giving a man kind of posthumous life, especially in his sons, אֵיןלִֿי בֵן בֵּעֲבוּר הַזְכֵּיר שְׁמִי 2 Samuel 18:18, ׳לְהָקִים לְאָחִיו שֵׁם בְּ Deuteronomy 25:7, compare Deuteronomy 25:6; Ruth 4:5,10, without whom it is blotted out, etc., Deuteronomy 25:6, compare Numbers 27:4 (P), Ruth 4:10, so that to destroy one's name = extirpate family (and שֵׁם sometimes Is "" צֶרַע) 1 Samuel 24:22 (Gi v.1 Samuel 24:21), 2 Samuel 14:7 ("" שְׁאֵרִית), so of peoples Deuteronomy 7:24; Deuteronomy 9:14; Deuteronomy 12:3; Isaiah 14:22 +; לאֹ יִוָּרַע מִשִּׁמְךָ עוֺד Nahum 1:14 (of Nineveh); כֵּן יַעֲמֹד זַרְעֲכֶם וְשִׁמְכֶם Isaiah 66:22; more abstract ("" זֵכֶר) Job 18:17; Proverbs 10:7.

3 name, as designation of God, specifically of ׳י (especially Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Isa^2,3, Psalms): — first (in Hexateuch) in phrase ׳י ׳בְּשׁ ׳ק Genesis 4:26 (J), call with, i.e. use the name ׳י in worship, so Genesis 12:8; Genesis 13:4; Genesis 21:33; Genesis 26:35 + (see קרא

2c); hence, of place of worship, בְּכָלהַֿמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר אַוְּכִּיר מאתשְֿׁמִי שָׁם Exodus 20:24 (Gi Exodus 20:21); אֶתשְֿׁמוֺ שָׁם [לְשַׁכֵּן] לָשׂוּם Deuteronomy 12:5,11 +; בָּנָה בַּיִת לִשְׁמִי 2 Samuel 7:13 + often; people come ׳י ׳לְשׁ Joshua 9:9 (R^D), so ׳לְמֵעַן שׁ 1 Kings 8:41 2Chronicles 6:32; Isaiah 60:9; seek it Psalm 83:17; swear with ׳י ׳בְּשׁ 1 Samuel 20:42; Deuteronomy 6:13; Deuteronomy 10:20; Leviticus 19:12, compare (לַשָּׁוְא) Exodus 20:7 (twice in verse)=Deuteronomy 5:11 (twice in verse); ׳י ׳תָּפַשׁ Proverbs 30:9; נִקְרָא שְׁמִיעַלֿ, etc., in token of ownership (compare 2a), Jeremiah 7:10 + ; = his reputation, fame, with עָשָׁה לוֺ, see 1b (1), compare Joshua 7:9; ׳י ׳בְּשׁ, i.e. as his representative Exodus 5:23 (J), 1 Samuel 17:45; Deuteronomy 10:8; 2 Samuel 6:18; 2 Kings 2:24 + (see

2a near the end); especially as embodying the (revealed) character of ׳י: שְׁמוֺ ׳י Amos 5:8; Amos 9:6; Jeremiah 33:2, וֶה שְּׁמִי לְעֹלָם Exodus 3:15 (E; "" זֵכֶר; fundamental passage), Exodus 6:3 (P); ) עְבָאוֺת שְׁמוֺ׳(א ׳י Amos 4:13; Amos 5:27; Jeremiah 10:16; Jeremiah 46:18 10t. Jeremiah, Isa², קַנָּא שְׁמוֺ ׳י Exodus 34:14 (J; compare Exodus 20:5; Nahum 1:2), ׳קָדוֺשׁ שׁ Isaiah 57:15, ׳שׁ [וֺ] קָדְשִׁי Amos 2:7; Ezekiel 39:7; Ezekiel 43:7; Psalm 103:1 + often; hence object of knowledge Isaiah 52:6; Jeremiah 48:17, יֹדְעֵי שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Psalm 9:11 ("" דֹּרְשֶׁיךָ), love Isaiah 56:5, ׳אֹהֲבֵי שׁ Psalm 5:12; Psalm 69:37; Psalm 119:132, fear Psalm 61:6, especially of praise, etc. (חִלֵּל, הִןכִּיר, הוֺדָה, בֵּרַח, etc.): לְשִׁמְךָ אֲוַמֵּר 2 Samuel 22:50 ("" אוֺדְךָ and so very often "" ׳י) = Psalm 18:50, compare 1 Chronicles 16:10; 1 Chronicles 29:13; Psalm 45:18; Isaiah 26:13; 1 Kings 8:33,35 2Chronicles 6:24,26; Psalm 8:2; Psalm 8:10 +; כְּבוֺד שְׁמוֺ ׳חָבוּלי Psalm 29:2; Psalm 96:8, and many comibinations; opposed to ׳א ׳חִלֵּל אֶתשֿׁ Leviticus 18:21 +, ׳י ׳נקב שׁ Leviticus 24:16, ׳נִאֵץ שׁ Psalm 74:10; Psalm 74:18, etc.; הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֺרָא ׳הַשּׁ Deuteronomy 28:58, compare Nehemiah 1:11; לְמַעַן שִׁמְךָ, in appeals to ׳י to act according to his character Jeremiah 14:7,21; Ezekiel 20:9,14; Isaiah 48:9; Isaiah 66:5; Psalm 25:11; Psalm 31:4 +; ׳י ׳שׁ is powerful agent, בְּשִׁמְךָ הוֺשִׁיעֵנִי Psalm 54:3 ("" בִּגְבוּרָֽתְךָ), compare Psalm 124:8; of ׳מַלְאַךָ י, ׳י says שְׁמִי בְּקִרְבּוֺ Exodus 23:21 (E); הַשֵּׁם Leviticus 24:11 is probably scribal substitution for word ׳י (already beginning to be thought ineffable, especially with וַיִקֹּב compare Gei^{Urschr.273 f.} Di Dr-Wh Baen); on development of this usage, and Jewish use of ׳הַשּׁ as personified or hypostasis, see Levy^{NHWB under the word} Jastr^s.see — קָרוֺב שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Psalm 75:2 is striking, but doubtful, < ᵐ5 Dy Che Gr Hup-Now ׳קֹרְאֵי שׁ, Du ׳קָרָנוּ בִשׁ (= קָרָאנוּ).

4 of false gods, use forbidden Exodus 23:13 (E), Joshua 23:7 (R^D), compare Hosea 2:19; Psalm 16:4;speak בְּשֵׁם אלהים אחרים Deuteronomy 18:20; ׳א ׳קָרָא בְשׁ 1 Kings 18:24,25,26; ׳א ׳יֵלְכוּ בְשׁ Micah 4:5.

5 = memorial, monument Isaiah 55:13 ("" אוֺת; so Che Du > = fame Di-Kit), יָד וָשֵׁם ׳טוֺב מִבָּנִים וגו Isaiah 56:5 (with word-play on ׳שׁ 1c).

שֻׁם noun masculine name (see Biblical Hebrew שֵׁם); — construct ׳שׁ Ezra 5:1 +; suffix שְׁמֵהּ Daniel 2:20 +; plural construct שְׁמָהָת Ezra 5:4, suffix תְהֹם- Ezra 5:10; — name, of divinity: Daniel 2:20; Daniel 4:5; Ezra 5:1; Ezra 6:12; of a man: Daniel 2:26; Daniel 4:15; Daniel 4:16; Daniel 5:12 (all Daniel), Ezra 5:4,10 (twice in verse) also Ezra 5:14, with which compare S-C^{K 4, 5, s f., 12 f}.