Brown-Driver-Briggs
בֹּ֫קֶר214 noun masculineExodus 10:13 morning (Late Hebrew
id.; from
split, penetrate, as the dawn the darkness, light through cloud-rifts, etc.) —
׳ב Genesis 1:5 + (always absolute); plural
בְּקָרִים Job 7:18 4t.; —
1 morning (of point of time, time at which, never during which, English morning = forenoon): —
a. of end of night (opposed to לַיְלָה) Exodus 10:13 (J) Leviticus 6:2 (P) Judges 19:25; Ruth 3:13 (twice in verse); Isaiah 21:12 compare 1 Samuel 19:11 ("" מחר, opposed to לילה); opposed to לֵילוֺת Psalm 92:3; also (opposed to לוּן) Exodus 23:18; Exodus 34:25 (both J E) Leviticus 19:13 (H) Deuteronomy 16:4; opposed to צלמות Amos 5:8; compare further Genesis 40:6; Genesis 41:8 (both E) Exodus 12:22; Exodus 34:2 (twice in verse) (both J E) 1 Samuel 3:15 +,
b. implying the coming of dawn, and even daylight Genesis 29:25 (E) Genesis 44:3 (J) 1 Kings 3:21 (but Klo here for 2nd בַּבֹּקֶר, reads לְבַקֵּר by looking at it see בָּקַר) Job 24:17; Job 38:12 ("" שַׁחַר); ׳לִפְנוֺת הַבּ Exodus 14:27 (JE) at the turn of the morning, so Judges 19:26 ("" בַּעֲלוֺת הַשָּׁ֑חַר Judges 19:25; followed by עַדהָֿאוֺר, as something later, Judges 19:26); see Ruth 3:14 ("" בטרו֯ם יכיר אישׁ את רעהו before men could recognise each other); compare כּוֺכְבֵי בֹקֶר Job 38:7 stars of morning; but also with אוֺר verb Genesis 44:3 (J) הבקר אור; with אור noun, באור הבקר Micah 2:1; & especially עד אור הבקר Judges 16:2 (opposed to לילה) so 1 Samuel 14:36; also 1 Samuel 25:22,34,36; 2 Samuel 17:22; 2 Kings 7:9; compare 1 Samuel 29:10 ("" וְאוֺר לָכֶם).
c. of coming of sunrise Judges 9:33; 2 Samuel 23:4 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 3:22 compare וערב ׳מוֺצָּאֵי ב Psalm 65:9 i.e. places of sunrise and sunset ("" קְצוֺת i.e. ends of earth).
d. of beginning of day, וְעַדעַֿתָּה ׳מֵאָז הַבּ Ruth 2:7 (compare Ruth 2:14) see 2 Samuel 24:15 (but strike out We Dr); time of prayer, & praise Psalm 5:4 (twice in verse) (see Hu) Psalm 59:17; Psalm 88:14; Psalm 92:3; "" צהרים noon 1 Kings 18:26; Jeremiah 20:16; of three hours of prayer, ערב ובקר וצהרים Psalm 55:18 (compare Daniel 6:10; Daniel 6:13); compare also with עֶרֶב below
e. opposed to עֶרֶב Genesis 49:27 (poem in J) Exodus 16:7,8,12,13; Leviticus 6:13; Numbers 9:21 (all P) Deuteronomy 28:67 (twice in verse); 2 Samuel 11:14; 1 Kings 17:6; Isaiah 17:14; Zephaniah 3:3; Ezekiel 24:18 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 33:22; Daniel 8:26; Psalm 30:6; Psalm 90:5; Psalm 90:6; Ecclesiastes 11:6; 1 Chronicles 16:40; 2Chron 2:3; 2 Chronicles 13:11; 31:3; Ezra 3:3; Esther 2:14; opposed to בֵּין הערבים Exodus 29:39,41; Numbers 28:4,8 (all P); especially מןהֿבקר עדהֿערב = all day Exodus 18:13 & (without article) Exodus 18:14 (both E); מבקר לָעֶרֶב Job 4:20 = between morning and evening; also מֵעֶרֶב עַדבֹּֿקֶר = all night, Exodus 27:21 (P) Leviticus 24:3 (H) Numbers 9:21 & ׳בָּעֶרֶב עַדבּֿ Numbers 9:15 (both P); note also the formula וַיְהִי ערב ויהי בקר and evening came and then morning Genesis 1:5,8,13,19,23,31 (all P), i.e. the day ended with evening, and the night with morning; peculiar is Daniel 8:14 of omission of daily sacrifice עַד עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר אַלְמַּיִם וּשְׁלשׁ מֵאוֺת, until2300evening-mornings, probably = 2300 half-days (Ew Hi Meinh Bev DrIntr. 464, compare Daniel 8:26 & 3 2-Jantimes (years) Daniel 7:25; Daniel 12:11; Daniel 12:17).
f. often (above & elsewhere) with preposition (+ article except Job 7:18); in the morning, בַּבֹּקֶר Genesis 19:27 110t., compare also ׳בִּהְיֹת הַבּ Exodus 19:16; in (or at) the morning, ׳לַבּ Amos 4:4 7t.; for (against or by) the morning, ׳לַבּ Exodus 34:2 compare Psalm 130:6 (compare Checritical note); nearly = until (עַדֿ) Exodus 34:25; Deuteronomy 16:4; Zephaniah 3:3; further ׳בַּבּ ׳בַּבּ morning by morning, every morning Exodus 16:21; Exodus 30:7; Exodus 36:3; Leviticus 6:5 (all P) 2 Samuel 13:4; 1 Chronicles 23:30; 2Chronicles 13:11; Isaiah 28:19; Isaiah 50:4; Ezekiel 46:13,14,15; Zephaniah 3:5 also ׳לַבּ ׳לַבּ, same sense, 1 Chronicles 9:27; plural לַבְּקָרִים every morning afresh Psalm 73:14; Isaiah 33:2 compare Lamentations 3:23; almost = continually Psalm 101:8 (compare Jeremiah 21:12); see לִבְקָרִים Job 7:18 ("" לִרְגָעִים every moment); also without preposition or article in the morning Hosea 7:6 compare Psalm 5:4 (twice in verse); Psalm 55:18, d. above, & below
2. g. figurative of bright joy after night of distress (poetry) Job 11:17; compare Psalm 30:6; Psalm 46:6 (׳לִפְנוֺת בּ) Psalm 49:15; Psalm 59:17; Psalm 90:14; Psalm 143:8.
h. in phrases, ׳הִשְׁכִּים בַּבּ (וַיַּשְׁכֵּם etc.) he rose early in the morning Genesis 19:27; Genesis 20:8; Genesis 21:14; Genesis 22:3; Genesis 26:31; Genesis 28:18; Genesis 32:1; Exodus 8:16; Exodus 9:13; Exodus 24:4; Exodus 34:4; Numbers 14:40; Joshua 3:1; Joshua 6:12; Joshua 7:16; Joshua 8:10 (all J E) Judges 6:28; Judges 19:5,8; 1 Samuel 1:19; 1 Samuel 5:4; compare 1 Samuel 15:12; 1 Samuel 17:20; 1 Samuel 29:10 (twice in verse) compare 1 Samuel 29:11, 2 Kings 3:22; 2 Kings 19:35 = Isaiah 37:36; 2Chronicles 20:20; Job 1:5; Proverbs 27:14; Isaiah 5:11; (ויקומו etc.) ויקם ׳בַּבּ Genesis 24:54; Numbers 22:13,21 (all J E) Judges 19:27; Judges 20:19; 2 Samuel 24:11; 1 Kings 3:21; ׳אַשְׁמֹרֶת הַבּ morning watch Exodus 14:24; 1 Samuel 11:11.
2 morrow, next day (compare German Morgen, morgen) without article Exodus 16:19,20; Leviticus 7:15; Leviticus 22:30 (opposed to הַיּוֺם הַהוּא) Numbers 16:5 ("" מָחָר Numbers 16:7; Numbers 16:16) compare Exodus 12:10 (twice in verse); Numbers 9:12; with article Exodus 16:23,24; Exodus 29:34; ׳לַבּ Exodus 34:25; Numbers 22:41; Zephaniah 3:3; ׳בַּבּ 1 Samuel 9:19 (opposed to הַיּוֺם to-day) compare 1 Samuel 20:35; to-morrow morning ׳הַבּ Judges 6:31 (Stu); ׳בַּבּ Exodus 7:15; Joshua 7:14; Esther 5:14; definitely מִמָּֽחֳרָת ׳בַּבּ 1 Samuel 5:4; ׳מֵהַבּ 2 Samuel 2:27; adverb. use in this sense (without preposition or article) Exodus 16:7; Numbers 16:5.
