אַשּׁוּר proper name, of a people & territory Asshur, Assyria (Assyrian Aššur, land & city Dl^{Pa 252} COT on Genesis 2:14; Persian Athura, Syriac ; on the connection with name of god Ašur, & with √ אשׁר = ישׁר good, gracious, compare COT^l.c.; see also Jen^{ZA, 1886, 1 f.} Schr^{ib. 209 f.} Nö^{ib. 268 f.})

1 Asshur as person, 2nd son of Shem Genesis 10:22 (P, in table of nations) 1 Chronicles 1:17.

2 people of Asshur (often as invading army & even world-power) Numbers 24:22,24 (poem of Balaam) Hosea 12:2; Hosea 14:4; Isaiah 10:5; Isaiah 14:25; Isaiah 19:23 (twice in verse); Isaiah 19:24,25; Isaiah 23:13; Isaiah 30:31; Isaiah 31:8; Isaiah 52:4; Lamentations 5:6; Ezekiel 23:5; Ezekiel 27:23; Ezekiel 32:22 (here feminine) Zechariah 10:11; Psalm 83:9 perhaps read גְּשׁוּר, compare 2 Samuel 2:9 below אֲשׁוּרִי; or (if Psalm 83 be late) regard אַשּׁוּר (like עֲמָלֵק ib.) as used because of ancient significance; sometimes personified as one Isaiah 10:5; Ezekiel 31:3 (but strike out Co q. v.), compare also Micah 5:4; Micah 5:5; Zephaniah 2:13; ׳מַחֲנֵה א 2 Kings 19:32 = Isaiah 37:36; ׳בְּנֵי א Ezekiel 16:28; Ezekiel 23:7,9,12,23.

3 land of Assyria Genesis 2:14; Genesis 10:11; Hosea 5:13; Hosea 7:11; Hosea 8:9; Hosea 9:3; Hosea 10:6; Isaiah 11:11,16; Isaiah 19:23; Jeremiah 2:18,36; Micah 7:12; Zechariah 10:10; אַשּׁ֫וּרָה Genesis 25:18; Isaiah 19:23; 2 Kings 15:29; 2 Kings 17:6,23; 2 Kings 18:11; אֶרֶץ אַשּׁוּר Isaiah 7:18; Isaiah 27:13; Hosea 11:11; Micah 5:5.

4 especially מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר Isaiah 8:4; Isaiah 10:12; Isaiah 20:1,4,6 (probably gloss Isaiah 7:17,20; Isaiah 8:7) 2 Kings 15:19 41t. 2Kings; 14t. Isaiah 36-38; 1 Chronicles 5:6 (אַשֻּׁר) + 13 t. Chronicles; also Jeremiah 50:17,18; Nahum 3:18; Ezra 4:2; (only Ezra 6:22 of Persian or any king not strictly Assyrian); note also ׳הַמֶּלֶךְ א Isaiah 36:8,16 (׳א perhaps gloss, compare Di who holds same view as to 2 Kings 18:23,31); ׳מַלְכֵי א 2 Kings 19:11,17 = Isaiah 37:11,18; 2Chronicles 28:16; 30:6; Nehemiah 9:32.