sun'-wur-ship: The splendor of the sun makes it a natural object of adoration, once the purer idea of the one true God (Romans 1:20, 21) is parted with, and in most ancient nations the worship of the sun was an outstanding feature. It is found in Babylonian and Assyrian (Samas; special seats of sun-worship were Sippara and Larsa); in Egypt it is a leading feature of the religion (Ra, and, under special phases, Horus, Tum, Aten; a special seat of sun-worship was Heliopollis, the Old Testament On, called in Jeremiah 43:13 Beth-shemesh, "house of the sun"). Other cities bore the same name: Beth-shemesh (Joshua 15:10 = Ir-shemesh; Joshua 19:41, in Judah; Joshua 19:22, in Issachar; Joshua 19:38, in Naphtali; see BETH-SHEMESH). Allusions to, and warnings against, sun-worship are frequent in the Old Testament, as in Leviticus 26:30 2 Chronicles 14:5; 2 Chronicles 34:4, 7; Isaiah 17:8; Isaiah 27:9 Ezekiel 6:4, 6, in which passages for the King James Version "images," "idols," the Revised Version (British and American) has "sun-images" (which see); Job 31:26, 27 and numerous passages show that this form of idolatry latterly penetrated deeply into Judah-even into its temple-worship (2 Kings 23:5, 11, "horses.... given to the sun" (see under HORSES OF THE SUN, "Chariots of the Sun"); and Ezekiel 8:16). Josiah's reformation took account of these abuses (2 Kings 23:5, 11 2 Chronicles 34:4, 7), and Ezekiel strenuously denounced them (8:16;).

James Orr