a. put into the mouth of foreigners (Egyptian and Philistine), or

b. used to distinguish Israel from foreigners (= one from beyond, from the other side, i.e. probably (in Hebrew tradition) from beyond the Euphrates (compare Joshua 24:2,3E), but possibly in fact (if name given in Cannan) from beyond the Jordan; compare Ges^{§ 2b} Sta^{§ 1 b} Kö^{i. 18 ff.} We^{Israel u. Jüd. Geschichte. 7} Kau^{'Eber' and 'Hebräer'} in Ri^{HWB 332; 600}. — On connection of ׳ע (in wide sense) with –abiri (Tel Amarna) see Wkl^{Geschichte. Israel 17 ff.; Semitic Studies in Mem. of Kohut, 605 ff.} EMey^{Aegyptica [Ebers], 75} compare Glaser^{MVG 1897, 255 ff.} Kö^{Exp. Times xi. 238}; opposed to Jastr^{JBL xi (1892), 118 ff.} Say^{Monuments 188; 333} WMM^As.u.Eur.396): — masculine singular ׳ע Genesis 39:14 +; feminine singular עִבְרִיָּה Deuteronomy 15:12; Jeremiah 34:9; masculine plural עִבְרִים Genesis 43:32 +, עִבְרִיִּים Exodus 3:18; feminine plural עִבְרִיֹּת Exodus 1:15 2t., וֺת- Exodus 1:16 word not in P; — 1. adjective a. אִישׁ עִבְרִי Genesis 39:14 compare Genesis 39:17 (both J), Genesis 41:12 (E).

b. אִישׁ בְִרִי Exodus 2:11 compare Exodus 2:13; Exodus 21:2 (all E), Deuteronomy 15:12; Jeremiah 34:9,14; feminine Deuteronomy 15:12; Jeremiah 34:9.

2. noun a. b. Exodus 1:16,19; Exodus 2:17 (all feminine) Exodus 2:6 (all E), 1 Samuel 4:6,9; 1 Samuel 13:19; 1 Samuel 14:11; 1 Samuel 29:3.

b. Genesis 40:15; Exodus 1:15 (feminine; both E), 1 Samuel 13:3; 1 Samuel 14:21; Genesis 43:32 (J); especially in אֱלֹהֵי הָעִבְרִים Exodus 3:18; Exodus 5:3; Exodus 7:16; Exodus 9:1,13; Exodus 10:3 (all J); singular only ׳אַבְרָם הָע Genesis 14:13 אָנֹ֑כִי ׳ע Jonah 1:9. — ᵐ5 Ἐβραῖος, Ἐβραία, Genesis 14:13 τῷ περάτῃ. — 1 Samuel 13:7 read probably for ׳וְעִבְרִים וגו, וְעָֽבְרוּ מַעְבְּרוֺת הַיַּרְדֵּן (We), or, better, וַיַּעַבְרוּ Dr Kit Löhr; > וְעַם רַב Klo Bu HPS.