I. רַע₂₂₆ adjective bad, evil (distinction from noun, and verb Perfect 3masculine singular, is sometimes not easy, and opinions differ); — masculine singular רַע Genesis 6:5 +; רָ֑ע Genesis 31:24 +; plural רָעַים Genesis 13:13 +; construct רָעֵי Ezekiel 7:24 (strike out Co); feminine singular רָעָה Genesis 37:2 37t. (this form usually noun), plural רָעוֺת Genesis 28:8 14t.; רָעֹת Genesis 41:27 (18 t. noun); —

1 bad, disagreeable, malignant: of a woman, רָעָה בְּעֵינֵי Exodus 21:8 (E; perhaps, with changed accent, verb 3feminine singular רָ֫עָה) disagreeable, unpleasing in the eyes of, plural Genesis 28:8 (P); of poisonous herb 2 Kings 4:41, malignant boils Deuteronomy 28:35; Job 2:7, diseases Deuteronomy 7:15; Deuteronomy 28:59; 2Chronicles 21:19; Ecclesiastes 6:2, deadly sword Psalm 144:10, arrows Ezekiel 5:16, severe judgments Ezekiel 14:21, wonders Deuteronomy 6:22; מַלְאֲכֵי רָעִים Psalm 78:49 = fierce messengers (of God; Ew^{§ 287 a} Ges^{§ 130e}), wild beasts Genesis 37:20,33 (JE) Leviticus 26:6 (H) Ezekiel 5:17; Ezekiel 14:15,21; Ezekiel 34:25; unclean thing Deuteronomy 23:10.

2 bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery: ימים רעים evil days (of trial and hardship) Genesis 47:9 (P) Proverbs 15:15; עִנְיָן רע Ecclesiastes 1:13; Ecclesiastes 5:13; עִנְיַן Ecclesiastes 4:8, compare Ecclesiastes 2:17; Ecclesiastes 9:3; הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הָרָע Ecclesiastes 4:3; הדבר הרע evil report Exodus 33:4 (J), so דִּבָּה רָעָה Genesis 37:2 (JE) Numbers 14:37 (P), שׁם רע Deuteronomy 22:14,19; Nehemiah 6:13, שְׁמוּעָה רָעָה Jeremiah 49:23; Psalm 112:7; of things: painful discipline Proverbs 15:10, evil occurrence 1 Kings 5:18, evil (-bringing) net Ecclesiastes 9:12, instruments Isaiah 32:7: כל הדבר הרע Joshua 23:15 (D) all evil (injurious) things; רַע it is bad, harmful Isaiah 3:11 Jeremiah 2:19; of speech, דבּר, רעאו טוב Genesis 24:50 (J) in proverb, speak bad or good = anything at all, מטוב עד רע Genesis 31:24,29 (E), לְמֵרָע ועד טוב 2 Samuel 13:22, of the divine spirit as producing an ecstatic state of frenzy and violence 1 Samuel 16:14,15,16,23; 1 Samuel 18:10; 1 Samuel 19:9 (see רוּח 9).

3 evil, displeasing עָשָׂח רָ֔ע בְּעֵינֵי סַרְנֵי פְלשְׁתִּים 1 Samuel 29:7.

4 bad of its kind, land Numbers 13:19 (J), place Numbers 20:5 (JE), waters 2 Kings 2:19, figs Jeremiah 24:2,3(twice in verse); Jeremiah 24:8, kine Genesis 41:3,4,19,20,21,27 (E), מוּם רע Deuteronomy 15:21, compare Deuteronomy 17:1.

5 bad, i.e. of low value Leviticus 27:10 (twice in verse); Leviticus 27:12,14,33 (H), compare Malachi 1:8 (twice in verse); רַע רַע יאֹמַר מַקּוֺנֶה Proverbs 20:14 (twice in verse).

6 + מִן comparative, worse than, 2 Samuel 19:8; as superlative, רָעֵי גוֺיִם Ezekiel 7:24 worst of nations (strike out Co).

7 sad, unhappy: לֶברָֿע֑ sad heart (compare opposed to טוב, יטב) Proverbs 25:20; of face Genesis 40:7 (E) Nehemiah 2:2; רע לְפָנָיו Nehemiah 2:1.

8 חָשַׁב מַחֲשֶׁבֶת(ה)רָעָה devise evil (hurtful) device Ezekiel 38:10; Esther 9:25.

9 bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper: וְלֵברָֿ֑ע when the mind is vicious, harmful Proverbs 26:23; רַע עָ֑יִן one evil of eye Proverbs 23:6; Proverbs 28:22; רוּחַ רָעָה Judges 9:23 bad temper.

10 ethically bad, evil, wicked:

a. in General, אם טוב ואם רע Ecclesiastes 12:14 whether good or bad.

b. of persons, אושׁ רע 1 Samuel 30:22; אדם רע Psalm 140:2; המן הרע הזה Esther 7:6 this wicked Haman, so רָ֑ע = evil man Psalm 10:15; Job 21:30; Proverbs 11:21; Proverbs 12:13; Proverbs 24:20, רָעִים = evil men Genesis 13:13 (J) Jeremiah 6:29; Jeremiah 15:21; Ezekiel 30:12; Job 35:12; Proverbs 4:14; Proverbs 12:12; Proverbs 14:19; Proverbs 15:8; רָעוֺת evil women Jeremiah 2:33; שׁכנים רעים Jeremiah 12:14 evil neighbours; of הַדּוֺר Deuteronomy 1:35, הָעָם Jeremiah 13:10; הָעֵדָה Numbers 14:27,35 (P), המשׁפחה Jeremiah 8:3; ׳רַע בְּעֵינֵי י wicked in the eyes of ׳י Genesis 38:7 (JE) = 1 Chronicles 2:8; ׳עָשָׂה הָרָע בְּעֵינֵי י Numbers 32:13 (R) Deuteronomy 4:25; Deuteronomy 9:18; Deuteronomy 17:2; Deuteronomy 31:29; Judges 2:11 48t., + (with suffix of God) 2 Kings 21:15; Isaiah 65:12; Isaiah 66:4; Jeremiah 7:30; Jeremiah 32:30; Psalm 51:6; 2 Samuel 12:9, probably also Jeremiah 18:10 (read הָרָע for הָרָעָה).

c. of thoughts, יֵצֶר Genesis 6:5; Genesis 8:21 (J), הַלֵּב הָרָע Jeremiah 3:17; Jeremiah 7:24; Jeremiah 11:8; Jeremiah 16:12; Jeremiah 18:12; words, רעות Proverbs 15:28.

d. deeds, actions, עשׂה (כ)דבר הרע Deuteronomy 13:12; Deuteronomy 17:5; Deuteronomy 19:20; Nehemiah 13:17; עשׂה הרעות Jeremiah 3:5; דבר רע Psalm 64:6; Psalm 141:4; Ecclesiastes 8:3,5; דברים 1 Samuel 2:23; 2 Kings 17:11; דֶּרֶךְ 1 Kings 13:33; Jeremiah 18:11; Jeremiah 23:22 11t.; דרכים 2 Kings 17:13; 2Chronicles 7:14; Ezekiel 20:44; Ezekiel 33:11; Ezekiel 36:31; Zechariah 1:4; מעשׂינוּ Ezra 9:13; מעללים Zechariah 1:4; Nehemiah 9:35 (compare רֹעַ

4); בֶּצַע רע Habakkuk 2:9; מרוצתם Jeremiah 23:10; (ה)תועבות (ה)רעות Ezekiel 6:11; Ezekiel 8:9 (strike out Co); כִּי רָעוֺת בִּמְגוּרָם Psalm 55:16 for evil deeds are in their dwelling.

II. רַע₁₂₆ noun masculine^{Job 30:26} evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity; — absolute רַע Numbers 11:1 +, בְּרָע Exodus 5:19 +, רָ֑ע Genesis 48:16 +; —

1 evil, distress, adversity: יָרֵא רַע fear evil Psalm 23:4; Zephaniah 3:15; בּוֺרֵא רָ֑ע Isaiah 45:7 (of God), הביא רע Isaiah 31:2; מתאננים רַע Numbers 11:1 (J) murmuring respecting distress (see Di); אם טוב ואם רע Jeremiah 42:6 whether prosperity or adversity; יוֺם רע Amos 6:3 day of calamity; יְמֵי רע Psalm 49:6; Psalm 94:13; כי טוב קויתי ויבא רע Job 30:26; בְּרָע in adversity Exodus 5:19 (E) Psalm 10:6; יִמֹּל בְּרָ֑ע Proverbs 13:17; אֶרְאֶה בָרָ֑ע Genesis 44:34 (J); בכלרֿע Proverbs 5:14, מכל רע Genesis 48:16 (E) Psalm 121:7; see also Micah 1:12; Psalm 140:12; Job 5:19; Job 31:29 Proverbs 12:21; Proverbs 19:23.

2 evil, injury, wrong: Habakkuk 2:9; Job 2:10; Proverbs 21:10; עשׂה רע, + עִם person Genesis 31:29 (E); ל person Jeremiah 39:12; as object of חשּׁב Hosea 7:15, חרשׁ Proverbs 6:14; Proverbs 12:20; Proverbs 14:22, השׁיב Psalm 54:7, גמל Psalm 7:5; Proverbs 31:12, בקּשׁ Proverbs 17:11, שׁלּם Proverbs 20:22, אמר Psalm 41:6, דבּר Psalm 109:20; דבּר בְּרָע Psalm 73:8 speak about injury; לֹא יִתְנַבֵּא טוֺב כִּי אִם רָ֑ע 1 Kings 22:8,18 2Chronicles (2 Chronicles 18:7 לְרָעָמ), 2 Chronicles 18:17 לְרָ֑ע; לרע for harm, injury Isaiah 59:7; Jeremiah 7:6; Jeremiah 25:7; Psalm 56:6; Proverbs 1:16; Proverbs 21:12; Ecclesiastes 8:9; רַע יֵרוֺעַ Proverbs 11:15 (but read רֹעַ Gr SS, see Toy).

3 ethical evil, Deuteronomy 30:15; 2 Samuel 14:17; Isaiah 5:20; Amos 5:14; Micah 7:3 10t.; עשׁה רע 2 Kings 21:9; 2Chronicles 12:14; 33:9; Nehemiah 9:28 8t.; מֹּעֲלֵי רע Micah 2:1; אהד רע Micah 3:2 (Qr), Psalm 52:5; שׂנא רע Amos 5:15; Psalm 97:10; Proverbs 8:13; מאס רע Psalm 36:5; מאס ברע Isaiah 7:15,16; בִּעֵר הרע מִן consume evil from Deuteronomy 13:6 8t. Deuteronomy; לֹא רְגֻרְךָ רָ֑ע Psalm 5:5 (adjective = evil man Hup De and others); ירע טוב ורע Genesis 2:9,17; Genesis 3:5,22 (all J), Deuteronomy 1:39; סר מֵרָע Isaiah 59:15; Psalm 34:15; Psalm 37:27; Proverbs 3:7 8t.; כי ברע הוא Exodus 32:22 (J) he is set on evil; רע רשׁעים Psalm 7:10, רע מעללים 1 Samuel 25:3, compare Micah 3:4 (see רֹעַ

3); דִּבְרֵי רָע deeds of evil Jeremiah 5:28; תַּהְמֻּכוֺתרָ֑ע Proverbs 2:14; אֹרַחרע Psalm 119:101; עֲצַת רע Exodus 11:2; מַחְשְׁבוֺת רע Proverbs 15:26; אִישׁ רע Proverbs 29:6; אַנְשֵׁי רע Proverbs 28:5; אֵשֶׁת רע Proverbs 6:24 (but read רֵעַ Gr Bi Toy).

רָעָה₃₁₀ noun feminine evil, misery, distress, injury; — absolute ׳ר Genesis 26:29 +; construct רָעַת Genesis 6:5 +; suffix רָֽעָתִי Psalm 35:4 +; רָעָֽתְךָ 1 Kings 2:44 +; רָֽעָתֵכִי Jeremiah 11:15 (text dubious); רָֽעַתְכֶם 1 Samuel 12:17, etc.; plural רָעוֺת Deuteronomy 31:17 +; רָעֹת Jeremiah 44:9; Exodus 23:2; suffix רָעוֺתֵיכֶם 1 Samuel 10:19 +, etc.; —

1 evil, misery, distress: מַּחַד רָעָה Proverbs 1:33, באה (ה)רעה Ezekiel 7:5 (twice in verse); with עַל Isaiah 47:11 (read באה for בא), Jeremiah 5:12 5t.; with אֶל Jeremiah 2:3; Jeremiah 51:60; הביא רעה Jeremiah 4:6; 1 Kings 21:29; + אֶל 2 Samuel 17:14 8t. in Kings Jeremiah; + עַל 1 Kings 9:9 2Chronicles 7:22; Jeremiah 19:3 6t. Jeremiah + 8 t.; + אֶל and לְ Jeremiah 19:15; Jeremiah 36:31; יוֺם רעה Jeremiah 17:17,18 5t.; יְמֵי העה Ecclesiastes 12:1 (i.e., spring days, fatal to old people, Wetzst in De^{Koh. 447}); רָעוֺת evils Deuteronomy 31:17 (twice in verse); Deuteronomy 31:21 (JE), Deuteronomy 32:23 (poem), Psalm 34:20; Psalm 40:13; Psalm 88:4; עֵת רָעָה Amos 5:13; Jeremiah 2:27,28 5t.; ראה ברעה Numbers 11:15 (JE) Obadiah 13; Esther 8:6; ראה רעה Jeremiah 44:17; Psalm 90:15; Proverbs 22:3 = Proverbs 27:12; יפול ברעה Proverbs 17:20; Proverbs 28:14; בְּרָעָה Genesis 44:29 (J) Proverbs 14:32; Proverbs 24:16; Nehemiah 1:3; 1 Chronicles 7:23; Psalm 107:26; ברעותיכם Psalm 141:5; נִחַם עַל רָעָה Exodus 32:12,14 (J) Jeremiah 8:6 6t.; with אֶל 2 Samuel 24:16; Jeremiah 26:3,13,19; Jeremiah 42:10.

2 evil, injury, wrong: עשׂה רעה 2 Samuel 12:18; Jeremiah 26:19; Jeremiah 41:11; with עִם Genesis 26:29 (J) Judges 15:3; 2 Samuel 13:16; with את Judges 11:27; with ל 1 Samuel 6:9; 1 Kings 2:44 4t.; with אֶל Jeremiah 44:7; object of verbs השׁב Genesis 50:20 (E) Jeremiah 36:3; Jeremiah 48:2 7t.; חרשׁ 1 Samuel 23:9; Proverbs 3:29; הֵשִׁיב Genesis 50:15 (E) Judges 9:56,57 4t.; גמל Genesis 50:17 (E) 1 Samuel 24:18 -17 Isaiah 3:9; Proverbs 3:30; בקשׁ Numbers 35:23 (P) 1 Samuel 24:10 -9 1 Samuel 25:26 4t.; שׁלּם Genesis 44:4 (J) Jeremiah 18:20; Jeremiah 51:24; Psalm 35:12; Psalm 38:21; לְרָעָה for harm Genesis 31:52; Exodus 23:2 (E) Deuteronomy 29:20; Judges 2:15; 2 Samuel 18:32; Jeremiah 21:10 8t. Jeremiah; Amos 9:4; Zechariah 1:15; Proverbs 6:18; Ecclesiastes 5:12; בְּרָעָתֶ֑ךָ 2 Samuel 16:8 in thy mischief; בְּרָעָה Exodus 32:12 (J) for mischief; רָעָה רַבָּה Ecclesiastes 2:21; רָעָה חוֺלָה Ecclesiastes 5:12; Ecclesiastes 5:15.

3 ethical evil, 1 Samuel 12:17,19; 1 Samuel 24:12; 1 Samuel 26:18; Isaiah 47:10; Jeremiah 2:19 13t. Jeremiah, + 18 t., + following: עָשָׂה (הָ)רָעָה Genesis 39:9; Deuteronomy 31:18 (J) + 5 t. + Jeremiah 18:10 (Kt, but Qr רע); מַעֲשֵׂה רעה Ecclesiastes 8:11; אהב רעה Micah 3:2 (Kt); שׁוּב מרעה Jeremiah 18:8; Jeremiah 23:14; Jeremiah 44:5; ׳בִּעֵר רעה מ Judges 20:13 (see II. רַע 3); מִמְּנֵי רָעָה Jeremiah 7:12; Jeremiah 44:3; מפגי רָעַתרעתכם Hosea 10:15; ׳בגלל ר Jeremiah 11:17; ׳על כל ר Jeremiah 1:16; Jeremiah 32:32; Jeremiah 33:5; ׳מֵר Psalm 107:34; Jeremiah 12:4; אַנְשֵׁי רָעָה Proverbs 24:1.