II. אֵל noun masculine (also, in proper name אֶל, אֱלִי; Samaritan אל, Phoenician אל, אלן (i.e. probably אֵלֹן), Sabean אל, DHM^{Or. Congr. Leiden, 1883}, Assyrian ilu, Dl^w; perhaps also Arabic, Aramaic compare Nö^{on the passage}; on goddess אלת Phoenician, Palmyrene, Nabataean, Sabean (also אלהת) DHM^{l. c}; Arabic (plural ) Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 154}, Assyrian Allatu Jr⁶⁶, Syriac , compare also Bae^{Rel 58, 90, 97, 271, 207}) god, but with various subordinate applications to express idea of might; — hardly ever in prose except with defining word (adjective or Genitive); its only suffix is יִ֯; —

1 applied to men of might and rank, אֵל גוים mighty one of the nations Ezekiel 31:11 (of Nebuchadnezzar; ᵐ5 ἄρχων ἔθνων, איל some MSS. Co); אֵלִים mighty men Job 41:17 (אילים, many MSS. Di); אֵלֵי גִבּוֺרִים mighty heroes Ezekiel 32:21 (אֵילֵי MSS. Co); אֵילֵי הָאֶרֶץ Ezekiel 17:13; 2 Kings 24:15 (Kt אולי); אֵילִים Exodus 15:15 (probably plural of III. אַיִל, q. v.) These readings are uncertain because of an effort to distinguish these forms from the divine name. אֵל גִּבּוֺר mighty hero (as above) ordivine hero (as reflecting the divine majesty) Isaiah 9:6.

2 angels, בְּנֵי אֵלִים Psalm 29:1; Psalm 89:7 = בְּנֵי הָאֱלֹהִים.

3 gods of the nations, אֵל אֵלִים God of gods, supreme God Daniel 11:36; מִי כָמֹכָה בָּאֵלִם who is like thee among the gods Exodus 15:11; idols Isaiah 43:10; Isaiah 44:10,15,17; Isaiah 46:6; מי אל בשמים what God in heaven Deuteronomy 3:24; אֵל אחר another god Exodus 34:14 (J); אֵל זר foreign god Psalm 44:21; Psalm 81:10; אל נכר Deuteronomy 32:12; Malachi 2:11; Psalm 81:10.

4 El proper name אל ברית El Berith Judges 9:46 (= בעל ברית Judges 8:33; Judges 9:4) compare also

6 (f) below

5 as characterizing mighty things in nature, חררי אל mighty mountains Psalm 36:7 (literally mountains of El); also Psalm 50:10 Ol Bi Che see below II. אלף; ארזי אל mighty cedars Psalm 80:11; כוכבי אל lofty stars Isaiah 14:13.

6 God₂₁₇, the one only and true God of Israel: (a) הָאֵל the God, the true God Genesis 31:13; Genesis 35:1,3; Genesis 46:3 (E) 2 Samuel 22:31,33,48 (= Psalm 18:31; Psalm 18:33; Psalm 18:48) Psalm 68:20; Psalm 68:21; Psalm 77:15; הָאֵל הַנֶּאֱמָן the faithful God Deuteronomy 7:9; האל הגדול the great God Deuteronomy 10:17 = Jeremiah 32:18; Daniel 9:4; Nehemiah 1:5; Nehemiah 9:32; האל הקדשׁ the holy God Isaiah 5:17; האל יהוה the God Yahweh Isaiah 42:5; Psalm 85:9. (b) אֵלִי my God Exodus 15:2 (poetry) Psalm 18:3; Psalm 22:2 (twice in verse); Psalm 22:11; Psalm 63:2; Psalm 68:25; Psalm 89:27; Psalm 102:25; Psalm 118:28; Psalm 140:7; Isaiah 44:17. (c) construct אל בית אל the God of Bethel, who had his seat there Genesis 35:7 (E); אל אביך God of thy fathers Genesis 49:25 (poetry); אל ישראל Psalm 68:36; אל יעקב Psalm 146:5; אל השמים the God of heaven Psalm 136:26; אל סלעי the God who is my rock Psalm 42:10; אל שמחת גילי the God who is the joy of my exultation Psalm 43:4; אֵל רֳאִי the God who lets himself be seen Genesis 16:13 (J); אל הכבוד the God of glory Psalm 29:3; אל דעות the all-knowing God 1 Samuel 2:3 (poetry); אֵל עוֺלָם the everlasting God Genesis 21:33 (J); אל ישועתי Isaiah 12:2; אל חַיָּ֑י Psalm 42:9; אל אמת Psalm 31:6 = אל אֱמוּנָה Deuteronomy 32:4 (poetry); אל נקמות Psalm 94:1 (twice in verse); אל גְּמֻלוֺת Jeremiah 51:56. (d) אל אֶחָד one God Malachi 2:10; אל גדול a great God Deuteronomy 7:21; Psalm 77:14; Psalm 95:3; אל מסתתר a God hiding himself Isaiah 45:15; אל רחום a compassionate God Exodus 34:6 (J) Deuteronomy 4:31; Psalm 86:15; אל נשא a forgiving God Psalm 99:8; אל חַנּוּן a gracious God Nehemiah 9:31; Jonah 4:2; אל קנא a jealous God Exodus 20:5; Exodus 34:14 (J) Deuteronomy 4:24; Deuteronomy 5:9; Deuteronomy 6:15; Joshua 24:19 (D) = אל קנוא Nahum 1:2; אֵל חי a living God Joshua 3:10 (J) Hosea 2:1; Psalm 42:3; Psalm 84:3; אל צדיק Isaiah 45:21; לא אֵל חפץ רשע Psalm 5:5; לא אֵל Deuteronomy 32:21 (poetry) Isaiah 31:3; Ezekiel 28:2 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 28:9; מי אל כמוךָ Micah 7:18 (compare Exodus 15:11). (e) God (the only true God, needing no article or predicate to define him) Numbers 12:13 (E read אַל Di) always in poetry, Job 5:8 + (55 t. Job), Psalm 7:12; Psalm 10:11,12; Psalm 16:1; Psalm 17:6; Psalm 19:1; Psalm 52:3,7; Psalm 55:20; Psalm 57:3; Psalm 73:11,17; Psalm 74:8; Psalm 77:10; Psalm 78:7,8,18,19,34,41; Psalm 82:1; Psalm 83:2; Psalm 90:2; Psalm 104:21; Psalm 106:14,21; Psalm 107:11; Psalm 118:27; Psalm 139:17,23; Psalm 149:6; Psalm 150:1; Isaiah 40:18; Isaiah 43:12; Isaiah 45:14,20; Isaiah 46:9; Lamentations 3:41; Hosea 11:9; Hosea 12:1; Malachi 1:9; עִמָּנוּאל God is with us, as name of child in prediction Isaiah 7:14; compare Isaiah 8:8,10. (f) El, a divine name אל אלהי ישראל Genesis 33:20 (E); אל אלהי הרוחות Numbers 16:22 (P = יהוה אלהי הרוחות Numbers 27:16); אל אלהים יהוה Joshua 22:22 (P) Psalm 50:1. This is probable also in the ancient poems, Numbers 23:8,19,22,23; Numbers 24:4,8,16,23 (poetry Balaam "" שדּי & עליון) Deuteronomy 32:18; Deuteronomy 33:26 (poetry Moses "" צוּר & אֱלֹהֵי קֶדֶם) 2 Samuel 22:32; 2 Samuel 23:5 (poetry David "" צוּר) and in the combinations אל עליון (5 t.; see עליון) & אל שדּי (10 t.; see שַׁדַּי).

7 אֵל strength, power (on connection with I. אָלָה compare Di Genesis 1:1; Genesis 31:29) in יֶשׁלְֿאֵל יָדִי it is according to the power of my hand = it is in my power, etc. Genesis 31:29 (E; followed by לְ + Infinitive); בִּהְיוֺת לְאֵל יָדְ֯יךָ Proverbs 3:27 (followed by id.); יֶשׁלְֿאֵל יָדָם Micah 2:1; (absolute); negative וְאֵין לְאֵל יָדֶ֑ךָ Deuteronomy 28:32 (absolute) = thou shalt be powerless, so Nehemiah 5:5. **See also Brock^{ZAW xxvi (1906). 29 ff.} (meaning 'might' very dubious: renders belongs to the god of (my) hand, supposing phrase a survival, with original meaning forgotten, of ancient idea, found also among other nations, of spirits conferring powers upon particular members of body).