Brown-Driver-Briggs
מִשְׁמָּחָה: 303
noun feminine clan (RS
Semitic 1. 258, 2nd ed. 276; K 149, 2nd ed. 175 Ba
NB § 161 a); — absolute
׳מ Amos 3:1 +; construct
מִשְׁמַּ֫חַת Judges 9:1 +; suffix
מִשְׁמַּחְתִּי Genesis 24:38 +, etc.; plural
מִשְׁמָּחוֺת Nahum 3:4 +; construct
מִשְׁמְּחוֺת Amos 3:2 +; suffix
מִשְׁמְּחֹתֵיהֶם Genesis 8:19 2t., usually
תָם-
Numbers 1:18 84t., etc.; —
1 clan:
a. family connection of individual Genesis 24:38 (+ בֵּיתאָֿבִי), Genesis 24:40 ( + id.), Genesis 24:41 (all J; = מוֺלַדְתִּי Genesis 24:4), 2 Samuel 14:7, united in sacrifice 1 Samuel 20:6,29, in passover Exodus 12:21 (J E; compare BenzEncy.Bib. PASSOVER, §§ 9, 12); compare Leviticus 20:5 (H), Leviticus 25:10,41 (P), Leviticus 25:49 (P; defined as מִשְּׁאֵר בְּשָׂרוֺ), non-Hebrew Leviticus 25:47 (H), Leviticus 25:45(P), Judges 1:25; מִשְׁמְּחוֺתֶיהָ Joshua 6:23 (E or R) is unintelligible, probably strike out (compare Steuern Holz; בֵּית אָבִיהָ in Joshua 6:25 [J]), compare Numbers 27:4,11 (P); בֵּית אֲבִי אִמּוֺ ׳מ Judges 9:1 clan of his mother's father-house; including individuals, and included by שֵׁבֶט 1 Samuel 9:21 (twice in verse); 1 Samuel 10:21; with specific name, in series גֶבֶר, בַּיִת, ׳מ, שֵׁבֶט Joshua 7:14 (twice in verse); Joshua 7:17 b, c (all J; Joshua 7:17 a read plural Di Benn, or שֵׁבֶט GFMJudges 13:2; Steuern allows either); compare Deuteronomy 29:17; Judges 21:24, ׳אָבִי בְּיִשׂ ׳מ 1 Samuel 1:18 (+ חַיַּי, see II [חַי]; בֵּיתשָֿׁאוּל ׳אִישׁמִ֗֗֗מּ 2 Samuel 16:5; with name also Ruth 2:1,3and (non-Israel) Job 32:2.
b. in loose, popular sense= tribe, Judges 13:2; Judges 17:7; Judges 18:19, compare Judges 18:2 ("" שֵׁבֶט Judges 18:1), Judges 18:11 (yet in these two read possibly plural, see GFM).
c. techn. divisions of people of Israel Numbers 11:10 (J) Jeremiah 2:4; Jeremiah 31:1; compare Jeremiah 3:14; Numbers 1:2,18; Numbers 2:34; Numbers 33:54 (all P), so (post-exilic) Nehemiah 4:7: Esther 9:28 (מְדִינָה, ׳מ, דּוֺר).
d. usually (P) technical divisions of tribes of Israel, Exodus 6:14,15,25; Numbers 3:15 112t. Numbers (93 t. Numbers 26, including Numbers 3:43 where הַשּׁוּחָמִי apparently = Dan), 34 t. Joshua 13-21; also 1 Chronicles 6:4; 1 Chronicles 6:45; 1 Chronicles 7:5; Zechariah 12:13; division of Gershom, etc. (in Levi) Numbers 3:18,19,20 41t. Exodus, Numbers, Joshua, Chronicles; subdivisions of these divisions (in Levi) Numbers 3:21 (twice in verse) + 6 t. Numbers 3 + Numbers 4:18; compare (in other tribes) 1 Chronicles 2:53; 1 Chronicles 4:2,8,21,27,38; 1 Chronicles 5:7; also Zechariah 12:12 b. c 13 b 14 a, and (distributive) Zechariah 12:12 a 14 b, pleonastic מַטֵּה אֲבִיהֶם ׳מ Numbers 36:6 compare Numbers 36:8, and (׳א ׳מַטֵּה מ) Numbers 36:12.
e. late, divinity of other peoples 1 Chronicles 16:28 = Psalm 96:7; Psalm 22:28; in Edom Genesis 36:40 (P).
f. in wider sense=people, nation; כֹּל מִשְׁמְּחֹת תָאֲדָמָה Amos 3:2; Genesis 12:3; Genesis 28:14 (both J), compare Jeremiah 10:25; Ezekiel 20:32; Nahum 3:4 (all "" גּוֺיִם), Zechariah 14:17; Jeremiah 1:15; Jeremiah 25:9; as one's posterity Genesis 10:30,31,32 (all P), so probably Genesis 10:5 (P; Di Dr); = all Israel Amos 3:1, Judah Micah 2:3; Jeremiah 8:3 (הָרָעָה הַזּאֹת ׳הַמּ), Israel + Judah, ׳שְׁתֵּי הַמּ Jeremiah 33:24; מִשְׁמַּחַת מִצְרַיִם Zechariah 14:18; compare Psalm 107:41.
2 = guild 1 Chronicles 2:55 (of scribes; originally hereditary in families).
3 = species, kind:
a. of judgments Jeremiah 15:3.
b. animals Genesis 8:19 (P).
4 plural = aristocrats Job 31:34 (compare English 'the classes').
שֻׁמִּים
proper name, masculine see √ שׁפף.
