1 with following Genitive (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, all or every:

a. Genesis 2:2 כָּלצְֿבָאָם the whole of their host, Genesis 2:13 כָּלאֶֿרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּלהַֿלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּליִֿשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; Deuteronomy 4:29 בְּכָללְֿבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the article or a Genitive: Genesis 5:5 כליֿמי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, Genesis 37:35 כלבֿניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Isaiah 2:2 כלהֿגוים all the nations; Genesis 43:9 #NAME?כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּליָֿדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Isaiah 13:7; Jeremiah 48:37; Ezekiel 21:12; כלפֿנים i.e. every face Isaiah 25:8; Joel 2:6; כל שׁלחנות Isaiah 28:8; כל חוצות Isaiah 51:20; Lamentations 2:19 and elsewhere Before an infinitive Genesis 30:41; Deuteronomy 4:7; 1 Kings 8:52; 1 Chronicles 23:31. frequently with suffixes, as (כֻּלֹּה) כֻּלּוֺ the whole of him Genesis 25:25; Job 21:23; Songs 5:16, the whole of it Leviticus 13:13; Jeremiah 2:21; Nahum 2:1; Proverbs 24:31; כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it Genesis 13:10; Exodus 19:18; Exodus 25:36; Amos 8:8; כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Songs 4:7 + (see at the beginning); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us Genesis 42:11; Deuteronomy 5:3; Isaiah 53:6 (twice in verse); כֻּלְּכֶם Deuteronomy 1:22; Deuteronomy 4:4; 1 Samuel 22:7 (twice in verse); כֻּלָּם Genesis 11:6; Genesis 43:34; Joshua 8:24 ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Judges 11:6 בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Isaiah 7:19; Isaiah 31:3 + often — Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Psalm 39:6 כָּלהֶֿבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? omit כל, as Psalm 39:12), Psalm 45:14 כָּלכְּֿבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king's daughter.

b. followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the article: Genesis 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, Genesis 2:9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, Genesis 6:12 + כָּלבָּֿשָׂר, Genesis 7:14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Ezekiel 17:23), Ezekiel 17:21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so Numbers 12:3; Numbers 16:29; Judges 16:17 and elsewhere); in poetry כלאֿדם Psalm 39:6; Psalm 64:10 +; 1 Samuel 14:52 כל אישׁ גבור וכלבֿןחֿיל, 1 Samuel 17:19,24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, 1 Samuel 22:2; Isaiah 9:16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Isaiah 15:2; Isaiah 24:10 כָּלבַּֿיִת + often (in Isaiah 2:12-16 the singular and plural interchange); Psalm 7:12 + בכליֿום, Psalm 10:5 + בכלעֿת = at all seasons. So כלהֿעץ Genesis 1:29, כלהֿבן Exodus 1:22 = all the sons, כלהֿמקום Exodus 20:24; Deuteronomy 11:24 = all the places, כלהֿמרכב Leviticus 15:9, Leviticus 15:26; Deuteronomy 4:3 כלהֿאישׁ אשׁר = all the men who. . ., Deuteronomy 15:19 כלהֿבכור, Jeremiah 4:29 כלהֿעיר עזובה all the cities (notice the following בָּהֶן); כלהֿיום = all the days (see יוֺם 7f), etc. In late Hebrew extended to such phrases as בְּכָלדּֿוֺר וָדוֺר Psalm 45:18; Psalm 145:13; Esther 9:28; בכלעֿיר ועיר2Chronicles 11:12; 28:25; 31:19; Esther 8:11,17; Esther 9:28; 2Chronicles 32:28; Esther 2:11; Esther 3:14; Esther 4:3; Esther 8:13,17; Esther 9:21,27,28 (3 t. in verse) (compare וְ 1i b).

c. the Genitive after כל is often a relative sentence, introduced by אשׁר: Genesis 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, Genesis 7:22; Genesis 13:1 + very often Sts., with a preposition, כל אשׁר has the force of wheresover, whithersoever, as Joshua 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, Joshua 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as Genesis 39:4 וְכָליֶֿשׁלֿוֺ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast Genesis 39:5; Genesis 39:8), Exodus 9:4 מכללֿבני ישׂראל, Isaiah 38:16 וּלְכָּלבָּֿהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Psalm 71:18 לְכָליָֿבוֺא (Psalm 74:3, see 2a), 2 Chronicles 32:31; peculiarly also in Chronicles (Dr^{Intr 505}), 1 Chronicles 29:3 מִכָּלהֲֿכִינוֺתִי, 2 Chron 30:18f.; Ezra 1:6; compare with כֹּל (2a) 1 Chronicles 29:11 a 2 Chronicles 30:17; Ezra 1:5.

d. with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed: (a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (compare in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as 2 Samuel 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלּהֹ, Jeremiah 13:19; Jeremiah 48:31; Isaiah 9:8; Isaiah 14:29,31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee ! Micah 2:12; Habakkuk 2:6; Job 34:13; Psalm 67:4; Psalm 67:6; especially in Ezekiel, as Ezekiel 14:5; Ezekiel 29:2 מצרים כֻּלָּהּ Ezekiel 32:12,30; with change of person (compare the idiom in Isaiah 22:16; Isaiah 48:1; Isaiah 54:1 etc.), 1 Kings 22:28 = Micah 1:2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them ! Malachi 3:9 הַגּוֺי כֻּלּוֺ. So even with כל preceding: Numbers 16:3 כָּלהָֿעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Isaiah 14:18; Jeremiah 30:16; Ezekiel 11:15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Ezekiel 20:40; Ezekiel 36:10), Ezekiel 35:15; Ezekiel 36:5; Psalm 8:8 (compare Sabean DHM^l.c.); (b) with the suffix of 3 masculine singular, understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֺ, literally the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, Exodus 14:7 and captains עַלכֻּֿלּוֺ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Isaiah 1:23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Isaiah 9:16; Isaiah 15:3; Jeremiah 6:13 (twice in verse); Jeremiah 8:6,10 (twice in verse); Jeremiah 20:7; Habakkuk 1:9,15; Psalm 29:9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֺ אֹמֵר כָּבוֺד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory ! Psalm 53:4 ("" Psalm 14:3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Isaiah 16:7; Jeremiah 48:38; + Proverbs 19:6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלּהֹ רֵעַ): Jeremiah 15:10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.

e. Hebrew idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where English idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a comparative or hypothetical sentence כל is = any, and with a negative = none: (a) Genesis 3:1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), Deuteronomy 7:7; 1 Samuel 9:2; (b) Leviticus 4:2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות יי֞ in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), Leviticus 19:23 when ye . . . plant כלעֿץ מאכל = any tree for food, Numbers 35:22 or if he have cast upon him כָּלכְּֿלִי = any weapon, 1 Kings 8:37 b; joined with a participle in a hypothetical sense (Dr^{§ 121 n.} Ges^{§ 116}. 5 R. 5), Genesis 4:14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, Genesis 4:15 a Numbers 21:8 כָּלהַֿנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, 1 Samuel 2:13; (c) with a negative, Genesis 2:5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, Genesis 4:15 b לבלתי הכותאֿתו כלמֿצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, Exodus 10:15 ולאנֿותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, Exodus 12:16 כלמֿלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, Deuteronomy 28:14; Judges 13:4 אַלתּֿאֹכְלִי כָּלטָֿמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Judges 19:19 אֵין מַחְסוֺר כָּלדָּֿבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Psalm 143:2 כי לאיֿצדק לפניך כלחֿי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mark 13:20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Luke 1:37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει . . . πᾶν ρἧμα, as Jeremiah 32:17 לֹאיִֿמָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּלדָּֿבָר, Galatians 2:16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται . . . πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its Genitive) is without the article, being left purposely indefinite: in Psalm 49:18 (

2b a) הַכֹּל is emphatic (in Numbers 23:13 וְכֻלּוֺ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opposed to a part). feminine very anomalously, severed from its Genitive, 2 Samuel 1:9 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Job 27:3 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hosea 14:3 (si vera lectio) כָּלתִּֿשָּׂא עָוֺן. On Ecclesiastes 5:15 ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּתשֶֿׂ see עֻמָּה.

Note. — When the Genitive after כל is a noun feminine or plural, the predicate usually agrees with this (as being the really important idea), e.g. Genesis 5:5 ויהיו כל ימי אדם, Numbers 14:1 וַתִּשָּׂא כָלהָֿעֵדָה, Nahum 3:1; Psalm 150:6 כָֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל exceptions being very rare, Isaiah 64:10b Proverbs 16:2 (Ges^{§ 141}. 1 R. 2).

2 Absolutely:

a. without the article, all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes masculine), the sense in which 'all' is to be taken being gathered from the context, Genesis 9:3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, Genesis 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֺ, Genesis 20:16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, Genesis 33:11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, Numbers 8:16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, Numbers 11:6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things ! = there is nothing (so 2 Samuel 12:3; Proverbs 13:7, compare 2 Kings 4:2), 2 Kings 13:2 כֹּ֖ל נשׂיא בהם (compare 2 Samuel 23:28; 1 Chronicles 3:9: usually so הַכֹּל), Deuteronomy 28:47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, Deuteronomy 28:48; Deuteronomy 28:37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (compare Jeremiah 44:18), Isaiah 30:5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Isaiah 44:24 עשֶֹׁהכֹּֿל ׳י, Jeremiah 44:12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Zephaniah 1:2; Psalm 8:7; Psalm 74:3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Psalm 145:15 עיני כֹל, Proverbs 16:4; Proverbs 26:10; Proverbs 28:5; Job 13:1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Job 42:2; 1 Chronicles 29:11b 2Chronicles 32:22 (masculine), Daniel 11:37 (see also

1c end); מִכֹּל Genesis 6:19,20b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, Genesis 14:20; Genesis 27:33; Jeremiah 17:9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Daniel 11:2 (masculine) After a negative = anything, Deuteronomy 4:25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, Deuteronomy 8:9; Deuteronomy 28:55; Proverbs 30:30. In the Genitive also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Ezekiel 44:30 כָּלבִּֿכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָלתְּֿרוּמַת כֹּל; Psalm 119:128 (si vera lectio) כָּלמִּֿקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everthing.

b. with art. הַכֹּל: (a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, Exodus 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, Leviticus 1:9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, Leviticus 1:13; Leviticus 8:27; Deuteronomy 2:36 לפנינו ׳את הַכֹּל נתן י, Joshua 11:19 (compare 2 Samuel 19:31; 1 Kings 14:26 2Chronicles 12:9), 2 Chron 21:43 הַכֹּל בָּא (compare 2 Chronicles 23:14), 1 Samuel 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, 2 Samuel 17:3 (corrupt: see ᵐ5 Dr), 2 Samuel 24:23 (1 Chronicles 21:23), 1 Kings 6:18 הַכֹּל ארז (compare 1 Kings 7:33; 2 Kings 25:17 = Jeremiah 52:22), 2 Kings 24:16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Isaiah 65:8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Psalm 14:3; or implied, Genesis 16:12 יָדוֺ בַכֹּל, Genesis 24:1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל 2 Samuel 23:5 (poetry) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, Isaiah 29:11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Jeremiah 13:7,10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Ezekiel 7:14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Psalm 49:18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more frequently later, namely 1 Chronicles 7:5 (as regards all), 1 Chronicles 28:19; 1 Chronicles 29:19; 2Chronicles 28:6; 29:28; 31:5; 35:7; 36:17,18; Ezra 1:11; Ezra 2:42; Ezra 8:34,35; Ezra 10:17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: see BeRy), Ecclesiastes 5:8 (בַּכֹּל, apparently = in all respects), Ecclesiastes 10:19; Ecclesiastes 12:13. (b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Jeremiah 10:16 = Jeremiah 51:19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Psalm 103:19 (compare 1 Chronicles 29:12), 1Chron 119:21 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, 1Chron 145:9 לַכֹּל ׳טוֺב י, 1 Chronicles 29:12,14,16; Daniel 11:2, and especially in Ecclesiastes, as Ecclesiastes 1:2,14; Ecclesiastes 2:11,17; Ecclesiastes 3:19; Ecclesiastes 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Ecclesiastes 2:16 הכל נשׁכח, Ecclesiastes 3:1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, Ecclesiastes 3:11; Ecclesiastes 3:19; Ecclesiastes 3:20; Ecclesiastes 6:6; Ecclesiastes 7:15; Ecclesiastes 9:1,2(twice in verse); Ecclesiastes 9:3; Ecclesiastes 10:3,19; Ecclesiastes 11:5. כַּכֹּל, Job 24:24 (si vera lectio) כַּכֹּל יִקָָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in General).

כֹּל, כָּלֿ: noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל); — emphatic כֹּלָּא Daniel 2:40 +, construct כֹּל Daniel 2:12; Daniel 3:2 +, כָּלֿ Daniel 2:8 +, suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֺן (so Palmyrene Lzb²⁹⁶ Cooke^{No. 117}, Tariff ii.c.19 ii b. 18) Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19 (Qr feminine כָּכְּהֵּן); —

1 כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶכ the whole of ( = all) the wise men of B. Daniel 3:2,3,5, etc.; Daniel 6:2 כלמֿלכותא the whole ofthe kingdom, Daniel 6:4; with suffix the whole of them, Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19.

2 with a singular noun, understood collectively, every, any, or with a negative none (Biblical Hebrew 1b):Daniel 3:29 דִּי כָלעַֿם אֻמָּה וְלִשָּׁן that every people, nation, and language, etc., Daniel 6:8 מִןכָּֿלאֱֿלָה of any god, Ezra 6:12 כָּלמֶֿלֶח וְעַם; כל אנשׁ די every man who = whoever, Daniel 3:10; Daniel 5:7; Daniel 6:13; Ezra 6:11; Daniel 2:10 שׁאל כל מלך ֗֗֗ לא no king hath asked . . ., Daniel 2:35; Daniel 4:6; Daniel 6:5; Daniel 6:24; so כָּלדִּֿי (= Hebrew כָּלאְִֿשֶׁר) whoever Daniel 6:8; Ezra 7:26, whatever Ezra 7:23, בְּכָלדִּֿי wherever Daniel 2:38(compare אְִשֶׁר 4b γ).

3 emphatic כֹּלָּא, used absolutely, as Hebrew הַכֹּל (Biblical Hebrew 2b): Daniel 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא crushing all things, Daniel 4:9; Daniel 4:18 וּמָזוֺן לְכֹלָּאבֵֿהּ and food for all was in it, Daniel 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא all came upon N. (compare חַכֹּל בָּא Joshua 21:43), Ezra 5:7 שְׁלָמָא כֹלָּא all peace (K^{§ 83 d};) compare in Hebrew כֻּלּוּ etc., after their noun : Biblical Hebrew 1d a). — For כָּלקְָֿבֵל see קְָבֵל.