H2342. chuwl

I. חוּל‎ [חִיל‎] verb whirl, dance, writhe (Late Hebrew, Aramaic id., dance; Arabic change, turn; Assyrian —îlu, writhe in fear Dl^{Pr 191} (on — = see DHM^{ZK i. 357}); on form of Hebrew

verb see Nö^{ZMG. 1883, 536}) —

Qal Perfect3feminine singular חָ֫לָה‎ Micah 1:12 2t.; וְחָלָה֫‎ consecutive Hosea 11:6; חַלְתִּי‎ Isaiah 23:4; חָ֫לוּ‎ Jeremiah 5:3 (but see below), Lamentations 4:6; וְחָלוּ֫‎ Deuteronomy 2:25; חַ֫לְנוּ‎ Isaiah 26:18; Imperfect יָחוּל‎ Jeremiah 23:19; 30:23; 3feminine singular תָּחוּל‎ Ezekiel 30:16 Qr (Kt Co תחיל‎); וַתָּחֹ֑ל‎ Jeremiah 51:29; אחולה‎ 4:19 Kt (Qr אוֺחִילָה‎, Hiph`il יחל‎); יָחֻ֫לוּ‎ 2 Samuel 3:29; but also יָחִיל‎ Psalm 55:5 (Job 20:21 see II. חול‎); וַיָּ֫חֶל‎ 1 Samuel 31:3 = 1 Chronicles 10:3 + Genesis 8:10 (where read probably וַיִּיָּ֫חֶל‎ as 8:12; = וַיְיַחֵל‎ Ol Di); 3 feminine singular תָּחִיל‎ Isaiah 26:17 2t. + Ezekiel 30:16 Kt (compare above); וַתָּ֑חֶל‎ Psalm 97:4; 2feminine singular תְּחִלִין‎ Isaiah 45:10; וָחִילוּ‎ Psalm 77:17+ 3t. (10:5 see II. חול‎); וַיָּחִ֫ילוּ‎ Judges 3:25; יְחִילוּן‎ Isaiah 13:8; תָּחִ֫ילוּ‎ Jeremiah 5:22; Imperative feminine singular חוּ֫לִי‎ Micah 4:10; Psalm 114:7; masculine plural חִילוּ‎ 96:9; 1 Chronicles 16:30; Infinitive construct (לָ)חוּל‎ Judges 21:21; Ezekiel 30:16 ( = Infinitive absolute); Participle feminine singular חוֺלָה‎ Jeremiah 4:31 see Gf Gie and Ges^{§ 72} R. 1; —

1 dance Judges 21:21 (בַּמְּחֹלוֺת לָחוּל‎).

2 twist, writhe:

a. in pain, especially childbirth Isaiah 26:17; 45:10 ׳מַהתֿח‎ ("" מהתֿוליד‎; metaphor, of sea 23:4 ("" ילד‎); Israel 26:18 ("" חרה‎), 54:1 ("" ילד‎); Zion 66:7-8, ("" id.), Micah 4:10 ("" גֹּ֫חִי‎, simile כיולדה‎; compare see 9), Jeremiah 4:31.

b. figurative, be in severe pain, or anguish (mostly in poetry and elevated prose), followed by מפני‎ Deuteronomy 2:25 ("" רגז‎, compare also מַּחַד‎ and יִרְאָה‎ v^a); Ezekiel 30:16; Psalm 96:9; Jeremiah 5:22 ("" ירא‎); followed by מִלִּפְנֵי‎ 1 Chronicles 16:30; Psalm 114:7; absolute 55:5 ("" עלי נפלו מָוֶת אימות‎), Jeremiah 4:19 Kt, Psalm 77:17 ("" רגז‎) 97:4; Isaiah 13:8; 23:5; Jeremiah 51:29 ("" רָעַשׁ‎), Joel 2:6; Zechariah 9:5 ("" ירא‎), probably also 1 Samuel 31:3 (compare 28:5) = 1 Chronicles 10:3, compare Öttli; figurative of mountains Habakkuk 3:10.

c. in contrition Jeremiah 5:3, חָ֫לוּ‎ derived from חול‎ Ew Gf Gie; < ᵑ6‎ Ra Hi Ke and others from חלה‎ (wrongly accented; see חלה‎ Qal 2).

d. in anxious longing בּוֺשׁ עַד‎ Judges 3:25, followed by לְ‎ Micah 1:12 (on Genesis 8:10, compare above)

3 whirl, whirl about יוֺאָב עַלרֿאֹשׁ‎ (i.e. blood — דמים‎ — of Abner, from sword) 2 Samuel 3:29; of attack of sword itself Hosea 11:6 ("" אכל כִּלָּה,‎), compare Lamentations 4:6 ידים בה חָ֫לוּ לא‎; of tempest יחול רשׁעים ראשׁ על‎ Jeremiah 23:19 (v:a מִתְחוֺלֵל סער‎) = 30:23 (v:a מִתְגּוֺרֵר סַעַר‎).

Po`lel. Imperfect יְחוֺלֵל‎ Psalm 29:9; 3feminine singular תְּחוֺלֵל‎ Proverbs 25:23; suffix תְּחוֺלֶלְכֶם‎ Isaiah 51:2; 2masculine singular תְּחוֺלֵל‎ Job 35:14; וַתְּחוֺלֵל‎ Psalm 90:2; Infinitive construct חֹלֵל‎ Job 39:1; Participle מְחוֺלֵל‎ Proverbs 26:10; מְחֹלֶלְךָ‎ Deuteronomy 32:18; מְחֹלְלֶוֺת‎ Judges 21:23; — 1 Samuel 18:6; Psalm 87:7 see below; on חֹלְלָה‎ Job 26:13 see חלל‎; —

1 dance Judges 21:23, so perhaps also 1 Samuel 18:6 (read ᵐ5 הַמְּחֹלְלוֺת‎ We Dr; and חֹלֲלִים‎ participle (מ‎ omitted) Psalm 87:7 RV Pe De Che Bae; compare Qal 1).

2 writhe in travail with, bear, bring forth (poetry), of Sarah, mother of Israel, Isaiah 51:2 ("" אֲבִיכֶם אַבְרָהָם‎); of hinds Job 39:1; Psalm 29:9 (causative ); figurative of ׳י‎s producing earth 90:2 ("" יֻלָּד֑וּ‎); of his bringing forth Israel (with difficulty, see Di) Deuteronomy 32:18 of north wind bringing forth rain Proverbs 25:23; כִּ֑ל מְחוֺלֵל רַב‎ 26:10 a master produceth everything (on transitive see VB; Ew and others derive from חלל‎ wound).

3 wait anxiously (compare Qal 2 d), followed by לְ‎ Job 35:14 (Elihu).

Po`lal. Perfect חוֺלָ֑לתִּי‎ Psalm 51:7 2t.; חוֺלָ֑לְתָּ‎ Job 15:7; Imperfect יְחוֺלָ֑לוּ‎ 26:5; —

1 be made to writhe Job 26:5 (הָֽרְפָאִים‎).

2 be brought forth Job 15:7 ("" תִּוָּלֵד‎), Psalm 51:7 ("" יחם‎), metaphor of wisdom Proverbs 8:24-25,.

Hiph`il Imperfect יָחִיל‎ Psalm 29:8 (twice in verse) cause to be an anguish, with accusative מִדְבָּר‎, subject ׳י‎.

Hoph`al Imperfect יוּחַל‎ Isaiah 66:8 be born (= travailed with, Che), subject אֶרֶץ‎ ("" גוי יִוָּלֵד‎).

Hithpo`el 1. Participle מִתְחוֺלֵל‎ whirling מתח ׳סַעַר‎ Jeremiah 23:19 ( = מִתְגּוֺרֵר סער‎ 30:23).

2 writhing, suffering torture Job 15:20 (of life of wicked).

3 Imperative הִתְחוֺלֵל‎ Psalm 37:7 wait longingly followed by לְ‎ for, "" דּוֺם‎.

Hithpalpel Imperfect3feminine singular וַתִּתְחַלְחַל‎ Esther 4:4 and she writhed in anxiety.

II. [חִיל חול,‎] verb be firm, strong (Aramaic Pa`el strengthen, חֵילָא‎, strength; Palmyrene רבא חילא רב‎ general-in-chief Vog^{No. 28} and others; Sabean חֿיל‎ SabDenkm⁹¹ (on חֿל‎ in Sabean: proper name see Hal^{JAS Juin, 1872, 533}); Ethiopic be strong, strength, army, strong; Assyrian —â(i)ltu, army Flood Tabl.^{iii. 22} (—aiialtu Jäger^{BAS i. 461}); possibly compare Arabic horses (as strong ones? compare Psalm 33:17)) — only

Qal Imperfect in טוּבוֺ יָחִיל לֹא‎ Job 20:21 his prosperity is not firm (does not endure); בְּכָלעֵֿת דְרָכָוּ֯ יָחִילוּ‎ Psalm 10:5 his ways are always firm (stable, prosperous), so Ol De Pe Che and others