H7291. radaph

רָדַף‎₁₄₁ verb pursue, chase, persecute (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic רְדַף‎, ; Arabic ; Sabean רדף‎ id., SabDenkm^{No. 7, 1. 2}); —

Qal₁₂₈ Perfect3masculine singular ׳ר‎ Judges 4:16 +; 1 singular וְרָדַפְתִּ֫י‎ Jeremiah 29:18, etc.; Imperfect יִרְדֹּף‎ Deuteronomy 19:6 +, ִירַדֹּף‎ Psalm 7:6 (apparently to give choice of Qal or Pi, Ki JHMich Bae and others; Ges^{§ 63n} explanation as developed from יִרֲדֹף‎, compare Ol^{§ 236 e, and, further}, Kö^{i. 160}), suffix דְָּפֶ֑ךָ יִרְ‎ Ezekiel 35:6 (twice in verse), etc.; Imperative masculine singular רְדֹף‎ Genesis 44:4 +, suffix רָדְפֵהוּ‎ Psalm 34:15; masculine plural רִדְפוּ‎ Judges 3:28 +; Infinitive construct רָדְפִף‎ Joshua 8:16 +, מִרְדֹף‎ 1 Samuel 23:28; 2 Samuel 18:16, suffix רָדְפִי‎ Psalm 38:21 Qr, רדופי‎ Kt, etc.; Participle רֹדֵף‎ Judges 4:22 +, plural רֹדְפִים‎ 8:4 +; —

1. a. pursue (sometimes + הִשִּׂיג‎): literal with אַחֲרֵי‎ person, in order to overtake Genesis 44:4 (J), 2 Kings 5:21; especially with hostile purpose Genesis 31:23 (+ הִדְבִּיק‎), 35:5; Joshua 24:6 (all E), 2:5, 7 (twice in verse); 8:16 (twice in verse); 8:17; 10:19 (JE), Deuteronomy 11:4; 19:6; Joshua 20:5 (all D), Exodus 14:4, 8, 9 (P), Judges 1:6; 2 Samuel 20:6-7, 10, 13; 2 Kings 9:27 17t., + 25:5 (אַחַר‎), + Judges 4:16 (הָרֶכֶב אַחֲרֵי‎); + אַחֲרֵי רִדְפוּ‎ 3:28 = follow me (as leader; but this meaning not elsewhere; read ᵐ5 רְדוּ‎ Kit GFM).

b. literal, with accusative of person, put to flight, chase (defeated foe; sometimes with הִשִּׁיג‎): Amos 1:11; Hosea 8:3; Deuteronomy 32:30 (poem; "" הֵנִיס‎), 28:22, 45; Joshua 23:10 (D), Leviticus 26:8 (twice in verse) (H); נִדָּף עָלֶה קוֺל אֹתָם וְרָדַף‎ 26:36 a (H); Joshua 7:5; 8:24; 10:10; 11:8 (all J E), Genesis 14:15; Deuteronomy 1:44; Judges 4:22; Isaiah 41:3 13t. + Judges 7:25 (read אֶתֿ‎ for ᵑ7 ᵑ9 ᵐ5 אֶלֿ,‎ GFM Bu Now).

c. literal, accusative omitted Judges 8:4; 1 Samuel 30:8 (+ הִשִּׂיג‎), 30:10; Genesis 14:14; Exodus 14:23 (P), 15:9 (poem; + הִשִּׂיג‎), Leviticus 26:36 b. 37 (H), Proverbs 28:1; especially participle plural ׳הָר‎ the pursuers Joshua 2:16 (twice in verse); 2:22 (twice in verse); Nehemiah 9:11; Isaiah 30:16, so הָרֹדֵף‎ Joshua 8:20; Lamentations 1:6.

d. chase, hunt, partridge (קֹרֵא‎) 1 Samuel 26:20 (in simile; "" בִּקֵּשׁ‎).

e. pursue, in figure, Jeremiah 20:11; Lamentations 4:19, וְתִפְשׂוּהוּ רִדְפוּ‎ Psalm 71:11, compare Lamentations 1:3; Psalm 7:6 (+ הִשִּׂיג‎; see above); especially subject ׳י‎, pursue (figurative of punishment, judgment), with accusative of person Jeremiah 29:18 (בַּחֶרֶב‎), Lamentations 3:43 and (בְּאַף‎) 3:66, Psalm 83:16 (בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ‎); תִּרְדֹּף יָבֵשׁ אֶתקַֿשׁ‎ Job 13:25 ("" תַּעַרוֺץ‎); רֹדְפָם‎, of י ׳מַלְאַךְ‎, Psalm 35:6.

f. figurative persecute, harass, with accusative of person Deuteronomy 30:7; Job 19:22 (כְּמוֺאֵֿל‎), Psalm 69:27; 109:16; 119:86; 119:161; with accusative נַפְשִׁי‎ 143:3, with accusative נֲדִבָתִי‎ Job 30:15 (but subject obscure; read perhaps תֵּרָדֵף‎ Bu; Du תִּנָּדֵף‎); with ל‎ person 19:28; participle as substantive Jeremiah 15:15; 17:18; Psalm 7:2; 31:16 ("" אוֺיְבַי‎; We מְרַדְּפָ֑י‎ for וַרֹדְפָ֑י‎), 35:3; 119:84; 119:157 (+ צָרַי‎), 142:7.

g. pursue, dog, subject דָּם‎, with accusative of person Ezekiel 35:6 (twice in verse) (del v^a ᵐ5‎ Co Toy Krae); in good sense, attend closely upon, יִרְדְּפוּנִי וָחֶסֶד טוֺב‎ Psalm 23:6.

2 figurative follow after, aim to secure: in bad sense, with accusative שַׁלְמֹנִים‎ Isaiah 1:23, שֵׁכָר‎ 5:11, ׳ר קָדִים‎ Hosea 12:2, זִמָּה רֹדְפֵי‎ Psalm 119:150; good sense, with infinitive אֶתיֿ ׳לְדַעַת‎ Hosea 6:3, with accusative צֶדֶק‎ Deuteronomy 16:20; Isaiah 51:1 ("" י ׳מְבַקְשֵׁי‎), וָחָ֑סֶד צְדָקָה‎ Proverbs 21:21, שָׁלוֺם‎ Psalm 34:15 ("" בַּוֵּשׁ‎), טוֺב‎ 38:21.

Niph`al passive: Perfect1plural נִרְדָּ֑פְנוּ עַלצַֿוָּארֵנוּ‎ Lamentations 5:5 upon our neck (i.e. closely) we are pursued (improbable, compare Bu); perhaps Imperfect3feminine singular תֵּרָדֵף‎ Job 30:15 Bu (for תִּרְדֹּף‎); Participle אֶתנִֿרְדָּ֑ף יְבַקֵּשׁ ׳א‎ Ecclesiastes 3:15 God seeketh the pursued (i.e. what has disappeared, is past, but dubious).

Pi`el Perfect3feminine singular consecutive וְרִדְּפָה‎ Hosea 2:9; Imperfect3masculine singular יְרַדֶּףֿ‎ Nahum 1:8 (Psalm 7:6 see

Qal); 3 feminine singular תְּרַדֵּף‎ Proverbs 13:21; Participle מְרֵדֵּףֿ‎ 11:19 +; — pursue ardently, with accusative of person Hosea 2:9 (in figurative); figurative also ׳יְר חשֶׁךְ‎ Nahum 1:8 (Gunk^{ZAW xiii (1893), 230}, plausibly, יֶהְדֹּף‎), compare Proverbs 13:31; elsewhere participle, in Proverbs: aim (eagerly) to secure, with accusative רָעָה‎ Proverbs 11:19, רֵיקִים‎ 12:11; 28:19, אֲמָרִים‎ 19:7 (meaning dubious, see Toy); in good sense, צְדָקָה‎ 15:9.

Pu`al Perfect3masculine singular consecutive הָרִים כְמֹץ וְרֻדַּף‎ Isaiah 17:13 it shall be chased away like chaff of the mountains ("" וְנָס‎).

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular suffix הִרְּדִיפֻהוּ‎ Judges 20:43 usually they chased him (Benjamin, collective), but strange after כִתְּרוּ‎ surrounded (still stranger after כתתו‎ or ᵐ5 כרתו‎), and why Hiph`il? GFM conjecture dittograph of הִדְרִיכֻהוּ‎ following; the reverse conjectured by Bu Now.