H5973. im

עִם‎ preposition with (Aramaic עִם‎, , Sabean עם‎ DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 12} Hom^{Chrest. 51}; compare Arabic (but see Prät^{BAS. i. 26})), suffix עִמִּי‎₄₆ and עִמָּדִי‎₄₅ (probably akin to Arabic side, beside: compare √ ענד‎), without difference of meaning (עמי‎ in Pentateuch Genesis 31:31; 39:7, 12, 14; Exodus 33:12; Leviticus 26:21, 23, 27, 40 [H] Numbers 22:19; Joshua-Kings 13 t.; Psalm 42:9; 86:17; Job 10:17; Ruth 1:11; Esther 7:8; in Daniel 7 t.; Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles 11 t.: עמדי‎ in Pentateuch Genesis [J E] 14 t., Exodus 17:2; Leviticus 25:23; Deuteronomy 5:28; 32:34, 39; Judges Samuel 7 t.; Psalm 23:4; 50:11; 55:19; 101:6; Job 14 t., Ruth 1:8); עִמְּךָ‎, עִמְּכָה‎ 1 Samuel 1:26, עִמָּ֑ךְ‎; עִמָּהּ עִמּוֺ,‎; עִמָּ֫נוּ‎; עִמָּכֶם‎; עִמָּם‎₂₇ (Genesis 18:16, etc.: Genesis-Kings 20 t.; Nehemiah 13:25; not Ezra, Chronicles), and עִמָּהֶם‎₂₃ (chiefly late: Numbers 22:12; Deuteronomy 29:16 (24 עמם‎), Jonah 1:3; Job 1:4, and 19 t. Nehemiah Ezra Chronicles): —

1 of fellowship and companionship (Latin cum), as Genesis 13:1 עמו ולוט‎ and Lot with him, 18:16; 19:30; 24:54 עמו ישׂראל וכל עמו, אשׁר והאנשׁים הוא‎ Joshua 7:24 al.; + often peculiar to Chronicles, Ezra are clauses introduced by ֗֗֗ ועמהם‎ 1 Chronicles 12:34; 13:2; 15:8 +, Ezra 8:13-14, (Aramaic 5:2) +; so ֗֗֗ ועמו‎ 1 Chronicles 12:28; 2 Chronicles 17:14-18; 26:17; Ezra 8:3-12, 33. Coupling substantives, together with, chiefly in poetry: Deuteronomy 12:23 הבשׂר עם הנפשׁ תאכל לא‎, Joshua 11:21; Judges 16:3; Ecclesiastes 7:11; 2 Samuel 1:24 עֲדָנִים עִם שָׁנִי‎, Deuteronomy 32:14 כרים חֵלֶב עִם‎, 32:14; 32:24; 32:25; Amos 4:10; Isaiah 25:11; 34:7; Jeremiah 6:11; 51:40; Nahum 3:12; Psalm 66:15 עתודים עם בקר אעשׂה‎, 81:3; 83:8; 87:4; 89:14; 104:25 +, Song of Solomon 1:11; 4:13 (twice in verse) נרדים עם כפרים‎, 4:14; 4:14; 5:1 (3 t. in verse). Unusually, Esther 9:25 הספר עם אמר‎ he ordered in conjunction with writing, in a written order. Poetic or late uses: Psalm 42:9 עמי שִׁירֹה ובלילה‎, 89:22 עמו תִּכּוֺן יָדִי אשׁר‎, 89:25; in Job of the companionship of sufferings or prosperity, Job 6:4 עמדי שַׁדַּי תִצֵּי‎, 17:2 עמדי הֲתֻלִים לא אם‎, 29:6 שׁמן פלגי עִמדי יָצוּק וְצוּר‎, 29:20 עמדי חָדָשׁ כבודי‎, 2 Chronicles 14:5 מלחמה עמו ואין‎, 2 Chron 16:19 מלחמות עמך ישׁ‎, 28:10 אֲשָׁמוֺת עִמָּכֶם‎. Hence, in particular a. of aid, Exodus 23:5; Deuteronomy 22:4; 1 Chronicles 12:19; especially of God, Genesis 21:22 עמך אלהים‎, 26:3 עמך ואהיה‎, 26:33; 31:3, 5; Exodus 3:12; Joshua 1:5; Isaiah 8:10 אל עמנו כי‎ Psalm 23:4; 46:8; Psalm 46:12; Job 29:5 + often (compare אֵת‎, Genesis 39:2-3, 21, 23; Isaiah 43:5 +): so עם הִתְחַזַּק‎ 1 Chronicles 11:10; 2 Chronicles 16:9; Daniel 10:21, עם עָזַר‎ 1 Chronicles 12:21, דוד עם ידם גם כי‎ 1 Samuel 22:17; 2 Samuel 3:12; 1 Chronicles 4:10 (compare Exodus 23:1, and II.אֵת‎

a.). With the help of (= Greek σύν), 1 Samuel 14:45 הזה היום עשׂה אלהים עם כי‎, Daniel 11:39 (rare).

b. Of actions done jointly with another, as עם ירשׁ‎ inherit with, Genesis 21:10, עם ברית כרת‎ 26:28 + often, עם (חִלֵּק) חָלַק‎ to share with Joshua 22:8; Isaiah 53:12 +; compare Deuteronomy 10:9 אֶחָיו עִם וְנַחֲלָה חֵלֶק‎, 18:1.

c. If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, עִם‎ is with in the sense of against: so often with נִלְחַם‎ to fight, נִשְׁמַּט‎ to dispute, נֶאֱבַק‎ to wrestle, רִיב‎ to strive (see these verbs), Genesis 26:20; 30:8; 32:29; עם בְּמִשְׁמָּט בּא‎ to enter into judgment with Isaiah 3:14 +, Job 14:3 (הֵבִיא‎), לי ׳רִיב עִם‎ Hosea 4:1 +; hence, without a verb expressing the idea explicitly, Psalm 94:16 מְרֵעִים עִם לי יקום מי‎ in the struggle with evil-doers ? v^b 55:19 עמדי היו בְרַבִּים כי‎ for as many are they in combat with me, Job 9:14 עמו דְבָרַי אֶבְחֲרָה‎ in the contest with him, 10:17b; 16:21; perhaps עִם צָדַק‎ 9:2; 25:4 (compare

4b end).

d. Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another: as עם חסד עשׂה‎ to do kindness with Genesis 24:12 + often (in 1 person observe that in this phrase עמדי‎, not עמי‎, is regul. used, 19:19; 20:13; 40:14; 1 Samuel 20:14; 2 Samuel 10:2 ["" 1 Chronicles 19:2 עמי‎: here only], al.), עם טוב עשׂה‎ Genesis 26:29 +, see also 20:9; 31:29; Deuteronomy 33:21; Judges 15:3; Job 10:12; 13:20; 42:8; Psalm 86:17 (compare אִתְּכֶם‎ Deuteronomy 1:30; 10:21; and Aramaic Daniel 3:32), Psalm 119:124; 126:2 (1 Samuel 12:24), Job 33:29; עם הֵיטִיד‎ Genesis 32:10, 13 +, עִם הֵרַע‎ 31:7; עם רָצָה‎ be well pleased with Psalm 50:18; Job 34:9; עם דִּבֶּר‎ to speak with (subject usually God) Exodus 19:9 + (see דִּבֶּר‎ 3e), hence עִם דָּבָר‎ Judges 18:7, 28; 2 Samuel 3:17; 1 Kings 1:7; Job 15:11 עמך לָאַט דָּבָר‎ a word (spoken) Gently with thee, compare 11:5 עמך שׂפתיו ויפתח‎; עם יֵאָמֵן‎2 Chronicles 1:9: and with adjectives עם תמים‎ perfect with (i.e. toward) Deuteronomy 18:13; Psalm 18:24, עם שָׁלֵם‎ 1 Kings 8:61 +; compare עִמּוֺ נָכוֺן לֹא וְלִבָּם‎ Psalm 78:37, 2 Samuel 21:4; 23:5; 1 Kings 3:6 (עמך‎), Micah 6:8 אֱלֱהָיו עִם לֶכֶת הַצְנֵעַ‎, Psalm 73:22 toward thee, 1 Chronicles 19:6; Hosea 12:1 (?); also עִם קְרִי הָלַךְ‎ Leviticus 26:21ff. (7 t.), עם הֱיִיתֶם מַמְרִים‎ Deuteronomy 9:7, 24; 31:27; 2 Chronicles 16:10; 26:19; Psalm 85:5; Job 10:17 a.

e. Of a common lot, Genesis 18:23 רשׁע עם צדיק תספה האף‎ together with the wicked, 18:25; Job 3:14-15, Isaiah 38:11; Psalm 26:9 נפשׁי חטּאים עם תאסף אל‎, v^b 28:3 (twice in verse), 69:29; Job 30:1; 1 Chronicles 24:5; hence like, Psalm 73:5 יְנֻנָּ֑עוּ לא אדם ועם‎ with (i.e. like) men (in General), 106:6 אבותינו עם חטאנו‎, Ecclesiastes 2:16 הכסיל עם הֶחָכָם ימות ואיך‎ i.e. like the fool.

f. Of equality or resemblance Generally (poetry), Job 9:26 אֵבֶה אֳנִיּוֺת עִם חָֽלְפוּ‎ they pass by with, i.e. as swiftly as, skiffs of reed, 37:18 שׁחקים עמו תרקיע‎ i.e. like him, 40:15 עמך עשׂיתי אשׁר‎; so עִם נִמְשַׁל‎ Psalm 28:1; 143:7, עִם נֶחְשַׁב‎ 88:5.

g. Of time, = as long as, Psalm 72:5 שׁמשׁ עם יִירָאוּךָ‎ as long as the sun endureth (compare Aramaic Daniel 3:33; Daniel 4:31; also see Amos. i. 15, 16 cum sole et luna semper Aratus erit); at the time of (?) 2 Chronicles 21:19 (but read perhaps מֵחָלְיוֺ‎); and with infinitive (late), Ezra 1:11; הַגּוֺלָה הֵעָלוֺת עִם‎ (compare ἅμα τῷ followed by infinitive Judges 3:21; 9:33; also עִם‎ Ecclus 40:14).

2 Of a locality, close to, beside: Genesis 25:11 ראי לחי נאר עם יצחק וישׁב‎ beside the well of, etc., 35:4 שׁכם עם אשׁר הָאֵלָה תַּחַת‎ (so, after אשׁר‎, Joshua 7:2; Judges 9:6; 18:22; 2 Samuel 13:23), Joshua 19:46 (?), Judges 18:3 מִיכָה בֵּית עִם הֵמָּה‎ (so 19:11; 2 Samuel 20:8), 1 Samuel 10:2; 2 Samuel 6:7 הא אֲרוֺן עִם ׳שָׁם וַיָּ֫מָת‎, 19:38; 24:16; 1 Kings 1:9; 1 Chronicles 13:14 by the house of O., in its own house (see Be), 21:15 (2 Samuel 24:16), 2Sam 26:16 (compare אֵת‎

2). By a person, Deuteronomy 5:28 עמדי מֹּה עֲמֹד וְאַתָּה‎ by me, 1 Samuel 1:26 עִמְּכָה הַנִּצֶּבֶת‎ +; of one living near another, Exodus 22:24; Leviticus 25:35-36, 39, 47.

3 Of persons, עִם‎ is specifically

a. in the house or family or service of (apud, chez): Genesis 23:4 עמך וְתוֺשָׁב גֵּר‎ (figurative of ׳י‎ Leviticus 25:23; Psalm 39:13), Genesis 27:44; 29:14 עִמּוֺ וַיֵשֶׁב‎, 29:25 עמך עבדתי‎ I have served with thee (so 29:30, compare Deuteronomy 15:16), Genesis 31:38; Leviticus 25:6, 40 (twice in verse); 25:50, 53; Deuteronomy 22:2; 23:17; Judges 17:10; 2 Samuel 19:34; 1 Kings 11:22; compare 1 Samuel 2:21 י ׳עם‎ i.e. at his sanctuary.

b. In the possession of (Latin penes): Genesis 24:25 straw, etc., is עִמָּנוּ‎, 31:32; Deuteronomy 17:19 עמו והיתה‎ with him, at his side, 29:16; Job 28:14 עִמָּדִי אֵין אָמַר וְיָם‎; = stored up with, Deuteronomy 32:34 עִמָּדִי כָּמֻס‎ Job 27:13 (but read here probably מֵאֵל‎; compare 20:29); of ethical or mental attributes, 1 Samuel 25:25 עִמּוֺ וּנְבָלָה‎, Job 12:13 וּגְבוּרָה חָנְמָה עִמּוֺ‎, 12:16; 25:2; Psalm 130:7; 2 Chronicles 19:3, 7. compare figurative Psalm 36:10 חַיִּים מְקוֺר עמך כי‎.

c. In the custody or care of, 1 Samuel 9:23 עִמָּ֑ךְ אֹתָהּ שִׂים‎; 22:23 עִמָּדִי אַתָּה מִשְׁמֶרֶת כִּי‎: compare Job 17:3 עִמָּ֑ךְ עָרְבֵנִי‎ be surety for me with thyself.

d. Beside = except, Deuteronomy 32:39 עִמָּדִי אלהים אֵין‎, Psalm 73:25 בארץ חפצתי לא ועמך‎ and beside thee I delight not (in aught that is) upon earth (al. in comparison of thee, 1f), 2 Chronicles 14:10 לַעֲזֹר עִמְּךָ וְאֵין‎ there is none beside thee to help, 20:6; perhaps Hosea 9:8 (Hi Ke; but very dubious, see Commentaries). compare אֵת‎ 1b.

e. With = friendly with, Genesis 31:2 עמי איננו כי‎ (synonym 31:5 אֶל‎ towards), 2 Kings 10:15 לְבָֽבְךָ עִם לְבָבִי‎, Proverbs 23:7 עִמָּ֑ךְ בַל וְלִבּוֺ‎.

4 Idiomatic of a thought or purpose present with one: —

a. פ לְבַב ׳עִם‎, especially in Deuteronomy and the later Deuteronomic style, Deuteronomy 8:5 לְבָבְךָ עִם וְיָדַעְתָּ‎ thou shalt know with thy heart, 15:9 בליעל לבבך עם דבר יהיה פן‎ a wicked thought with thy heart, Joshua 14:7 I brought back word פ לְבַב עם ׳היה לבבי עם כָאשׁר‎, especially of a purpose, 1 Kings 8:17 וגו לִבְנוֺת דוד ׳לבב עם ויהי‎ i.e. it was David's purpose to build, etc., 8:18; 8:18; 10:2 (= 2 Chronicles 6:7-8, (twice in verse); 9:1), 1 Chronicles 22:7; 28:2 (both based on 1 Kings 8:17, etc.), 2 Chronicles 1:11; 24:4; 29:10; rather differently, to muse or talk with one's heart, Psalm 77:7; Ecclesiastes 1:16.

b. עִם‎ alone, = in one's consciousness, whether of knowledge or memory or purpose (compare אֵת‎ 3b; W^{AG ii. § 66}): Numbers 14:24 עִמּוֺ אַחֶרֶת רוּחַ הָֽיְתָה עֵקֶב‎ i.e. operating in his mind, 1 Kings 11:11 עמך זאת היתה אשׁר יען‎, 1 Chronicles 28:12 the pattern of all עמו בָרוּחַ היה אשׁר‎ that was in spirit (i.e. mentally) with him, Psalm 50:11 עִמָּדִי שָׂדַי וְזִיז‎ is with me (i.e. is known to me; "" ידעתי‎), probably also 73:23; 139:18 (= in thy thought and care); Job 9:35 עמדי אנכי כן לא‎ not so am I with myself (my consciousness — or conscience — does not tell me that I need dread him), 10:13 עמך זאת כי ידעתי‎ i.e. that this was thy purpose ("" בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ צָפַנְתָּ אֵלֶּה‎), 15:9 הוא עמנו ולא‎ and is not with us (= in our knowledge; "" נֵדָ֑ע וְלֹא‎), 23:10 עמדי דרך ידע כי‎ the way of which I am conscious (De; Ew Di the way attending me, my usual way), 23:14 עמו רַבּוֺת וְכָהֵנָּה‎ i.e. he has many such purposes, 27:11 אֲכַחֵד לֹא שַׁדָּי עִם אֲשֶׁד‎ i.e. his purposes or principles of action. Also sometimes in the judgment or estimation of, 1 Samuel 2:26 עִם טוֺב‎, 2 Samuel 6:22 עִם נִכְבַּד‎, perhaps עִם צָדַק‎ Job 9:2; 25:4 (Ges Bu; but Ew as

1c, Hi De beside, in comparison of).

5 Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding Nehemiah 5:18 זֶה וְעִם‎ (compare W^{AG ii. § 57}; in Hebrew בְּ‎ is the more usual synonym). — In 1 Samuel 16:12 עֵינַיִם יְפֵה עִם אַדְמֹנִי‎ (compare 17:42 מַרְאֶה יְפֵה עִם‎), if text correct, יפה‎ must be a neuter substantive, with beauty of eyes; but read probably (Gr Bu) עֶלֶם‎ a youth (17:56; 20:22) for עם‎ (see HPS; Che^{Expos. T. x. 521} עֶצֶם אַדְמֹנִי‎, compare Lamentations 4:7). מֵעִם‎₇₂ from with or beside (= παρὰ with a Genitive: compare מֵאֵת‎): hence

a. after verbs of departing, taking, removing, etc., Genesis 13:14 מֵעִמּוֺ לוֺט הִמָּרֶדֿ אַחֲרֵי‎, 26:16 מֵעִמָּנוּ לֵךְ‎, 1 Samuel 10:2, 9; 14:17 מעמנו הלך מי‎, 2 Samuel 1:2; 1 Samuel 16:14 י ׳ורוח שׁאול מעם סרה‎, 18:12; 2 Kings 2:9 מעמך אֶלָּקַח בטרם‎; 2 Samuel 15:28 מֵעִמָּכֶם דָבָר בּוֺא עַד‎; of heart turning י ׳מעם‎ Deuteronomy 29:17; 1 Kings 11:9; after שׁאל‎ to ask, Exodus 22:13; Deuteronomy 10:12 מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ שֹׁאֵל י ׳מה‎, 1 Samuel 1:17; 20:28 (Niph`al), Isaiah 7:11 +; דרשׁ‎ to require, Deuteronomy 18:19; 23:22, 1 Kings 14:5 (to inquire); פרעה מֵעִם יצא‎ from (being) with Phoenician Exodus 8:8; 8:25; 8:26; 9:33 +: compare 2 Samuel 3:26; 1 Samuel 18:13 מעמו שׁאול ויסירהו‎; and מְּנֵי מַעִם‎ Genesis 44:29; Job 1:12. Sq. a word denoting a place, Genesis 48:12 בִּרְכָּיו מֵעִם אֹתָם יוֺסֵָף וַיּוֺצֵא‎, Exodus 21:14 מִזְבְּחִי מֵעִם‎ (compare 1 Samuel 2:33), Judges 9:37 הארץ טַבּוּר מֵעִם‎, 1 Samuel 20:34 הַשֻּׁלְחָן מֵעִם‎; Job 28:4 גָּר מֵעִם‎ away from, far from (si vera lectio).

b. Genesis 24:27 אֲדֹנִי מעם חסדו עזב לא אשׁר‎ (compare with הכרית‎ 1 Samuel 20:15, הסיר‎ 2 Samuel 7:15; 1 Chronicles 17:13 ("" 2 Samuel 7:15 מן‎), הפיר‎ Psalm 89:34); Ruth 4:10 מֵעִם שֵׁם לאֹיִֿכָּרֵת‎.

c. From the possession, or custody, of (compare עִם‎ 3b, c): so with גזל‎ Genesis 31:31, ערב‎ to take in pledge 44:32, גנב‎ Exodus 22:11, יצא‎ (subject a slave; compare עם‎ 3a) Leviticus 25:41; Deuteronomy 15:16 (compare with חָפְשִׁי שִׁלַּח‎ 15:12-13, 18; Jeremiah 34:14, הִנָּצֵל‎ Deuteronomy 23:16), לקח‎ 2 Samuel 3:15, קנה‎ 24:21.

d. Expressing origination or authorship: 1 Samuel 20:7 מֵעִמּוֺ הָרָעָה כָֽלְתָה כִּי‎, 20:9; 20:33 (compare מֵאֵת‎ Esther 7:17); especially of ׳י‎ (compare מֵאֵת‎

c), Genesis 41:32 הא מֵעִם הַדָּבָר ׳נָכוֺן‎ is established from, on the part of, God, 1 Kings 2:33 י מעם ֗֗֗ ׳שׁלום‎, 12:15 (2 Chronicles 10:15) י ׳מעם סִבָּה הָֽיְתָה כִי‎, Isaiah 8:18 signs and portents י ׳מעם‎, 28:29 י מעם זאת ׳גם יצאה‎, 29:6; Psalm 121:2 י מעם ׳עֶזְרִי‎ Ruth 2:12. And of a judgment proceeding from any one: 2 Samuel 3:28 י מעם ׳נקי‎ = pronounced guiltness by ׳י‎, Job 34:33 הֲמֵעִמְּךָ‎ at thy judgment shall he requite ? (compare מִן‎

2d end).

עִם‎₂₂ preposition with (Biblical Hebrew עִם‎: so ᵑ7‎ Syriac () and General Aramaic); — suffix עִמִּי‎ Daniel 3:32, עִמָּךְ‎ Ezra 7:13, עִמֵהּ‎ Daniel 2:22, עִמְּהוֺן‎ Ezra 5:2; —

1. a. together with, Daniel 2:18, 43; 7:13 שְׁמַיָּא עִםעֲֿנָנֵי‎, Ezra 5:2 +; whose dwelling, portion, etc., is with Daniel 2:11, 22; 4:12; 5:21.

b. to speak with Daniel 6:22, to make war with 7:21; to do with ( = towards) Daniel 3:32 עִמִּי עֲבַד דִּי‎ (compare Psalm 86:17), compare Ezra 6:8; עִם שַׁוִּי‎ to make like to Daniel 6:21.

2 of time, Daniel 3:33 = Daniel 4:31 וְדָר עִםדָּֿר‎ (co-exists) with all Generations (compare Biblical Hebrew 1g); 7:2 עִםלֵֿילְיָא‎ during the night.